Plastic composite barrier structures

Details Plastic composite barrier structures Plastic composite barrier structures

1987-09-23

1990-11-27

Lieberman, Allan M.

Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser

Synthetic resins

Mixing of two or more solid polymers; mixing of solid...

525 70, 128 367, 1284761, C08L 2806, C08L 5106

Patent

active

049736256

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A variety of plastic composite structures have been proposed in the past in which a polar, oxygen barrier resin is adhered to a modified polyolefin resin, frequently a polyethylene resin, which has been chemically modified by grafting varying amounts of an unsaturated carboxylic acid or an unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride, frequently a dicarboxylic acid anhydride, at various levels to the polyethylene backbone by methods known in the art. In some cases a polyethylene is bonded to a polar oxygen barrier resin with an adhesive which is a modified polyolefin containing various levels of grafted carboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid anhydride and usually also an amorphous olefin rubber, such as ethylene-propylene diene rubbers, ethylene propylene copolymers, or linear low density polyethylenes which provide toughening and improve adhesion to polar substrates. Generally it has not been possible to obtain both good adhesion of the polyolefin resin to the polar resin and high moisture vapor barrier properties in the polyolefin resin. It is known that high density polyethylene which has a high crystallinity provides better moisture barrier properties than low density polyethylene or linear low density polyethylene or ethylene/propylene rubbers but there have been problems in obtaining adequate adhesion of high density polyethylene or modified high density polyethylene to polar oxygen barrier resins. Frequently the unsaturated carboxylic anhydride employed has been chi-methylbicyclo(2.2.1)hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride or maleic anhydride, but many other anhydrides have been disclosed in other patents. Illustrative of these types of composite structures known in the art are shown in U.S. Pat. No. 4,087,587, Shida et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,198,327, Matsumoto et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,230,830, Tanny et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,409,364, Schmukler et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,460,646, Inoue et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,487,885, Adur et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 4,510,286, Liu. Most commonly, these patents disclose composite structures involving carboxylic acid grafted ethylene polymers or a carboxylic acid grafted polypropylene adhered to crystalline polycarboxylamide such as nylon-6. In some cases, adhesion to superior oxygen barrier materials such as EVOH (ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer) are described.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,416,944, Adur describes composite structures of modified polyethylene and polypropylene adhered to oxygen barriers such as EVOH or nylon and also shows adhesion to high density polyethylene of modified polyolefin compositions comprising high density polyethylene having a density in the range of 0.94-0.97 g/cc, high density polyethylene grafted to chi-methylbicyclo(2.2.1)hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride at a level of 1.5 weight percent together with a polypropylene resin and a linear low density polyethylene resin having a density in the range of 0.91-0.94 g/cc. The total amount of high density polyethylene in the adhesive composition is stated to be in the range of 20-60% by weight in the examples.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,481,262, Shida et al., describes composite structures adhered to nylon-6 or ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer in which the hydrocarbon copolymer adhered to it is a composition containing a linear low density polyethylene having carboxylic anhydride grafted to it and blended with a variety of different materials including ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer, low density polyethylene homopolymers or linear low density copolymers. In the adhesive compositions, the grafted linear low density polyethylene comprises 10% and the other materials 90% of the blend. In the examples ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer or an ethylene acrylate copolymer or an ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer are illustrated as comprising 90% of the adhesive blend but in one example a polyethylene having a density of 0.94 g/cc was substituted for these copolymers and provided some adhesion to nylon.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,460,632, Adur et al. discloses composite str

REFERENCES:
patent: 4087587 (1978-05-01), Shida et al.
patent: 4087588 (1978-05-01), Shida et al.
patent: 4409364 (1983-10-01), Schmukler et al.
patent: 4416944 (1983-11-01), Adur
patent: 4460632 (1984-07-01), Adur et al.
patent: 4481262 (1984-11-01), Shida et al.
patent: 4487885 (1984-12-01), Adur et al.
patent: 4510286 (1985-04-01), Liu

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