Data processing: measuring – calibrating – or testing – Measurement system in a specific environment – Earth science
Patent
1998-05-19
2000-04-25
McElheny, Jr., Donald E.
Data processing: measuring, calibrating, or testing
Measurement system in a specific environment
Earth science
G06F 1900
Patent
active
060554819
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a method for the representation of seismic information.
BACKGROUND AND RELATED ART
In seismic studies large amounts of information is generated by emitting pressure and/or shear waves into the geologic formations. In step 100 these waves are reflected from different layers and formations and may again be measured by suitable instruments. In step 100 emitters and sensors may be positioned in the water covering the geological formations to be studied, e.g. in studies at sea, by the surface or in bore holes, for example. Depending on the complexity of the different fenomena in the studied formations, such as multiple reflections between different strata, the signals may be very complicated. Large computers are used to assemble different measurements in the same area in order to ease the interpretation of the signals, but the final interpretation is performed by visual inspection by an operator in order to recognize formations which for example may indicate oil or gas deposits. The visual control is performed using graphic pictures made on the basis of the seismic data. These pictures may, even after predictable disturbances have been removed from the signal by use of a computer, be very complicated and difficult to follow, making the interpretation difficult and uncertain. The interpretation is to a large extent based upon the ability of the interpreter to recognize and see analogies to pictures and patterns from his experience as a seismic interpreter, even if they are distorted or partly hidden by noise. The costs related to making mistakes in these fields may be very large, both if an oil field is not found, or if the drilling is is performed in the wrong area. Thus much may be gained by making the interpretation easier.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides an other method for tranformation of the seismic signal to be interpreted by an operator. The method according to the invention may be used in addition to or in combination with the visual display of the signals.
Thus the present invention relates to a method for the representation of seismic data. In this method, the seismic data are collected by one or more sensors and are converted to seismic electrical and/or optical signals. A chosen part of the seismic signal is converted into acoustic signals within the perceptive frequency range of 20-20,000 Hz.;
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method for representation of seismic data in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention is illustrated in FIG. 1, is based on the fact that the human ear is, with som practice, able to distinguish between very small variations in amplitude, phase and frequency that the eye can not perceive in a visual display of the signal. In using stereo-effects this will be amplified as small differences in phase will change the "position" of a virtual sound source in relation to one or more loudspeakers or headphones. A trained ear will in addition be able to perceive a plurality of simultaneous frequencies, and hear an information signal even if it is hidden in noise. The present invention will therefore make it possible to discover smaller variations and details in the seismic signal, and therefore be a valuable supplement to the present visual interpretation.
The present invention starts with the generation of pressure or shear waves for propagation through geological formations, step 100. Then, in step 110, the reflected waves from the geological formations are received at one or more seismic sensors that generate a signal representing the received reflected waves. Implementation of the steps 100 and 100 are well-known processes and are described above.
Preferrably a seismic signal is treated in one or more known computer programs for the removal of noise and similar in seismic studies, and which are in the form being used in the visual interpretation of the signals. The signal may be treated further i
REFERENCES:
patent: 3631384 (1971-12-01), Smith
patent: 3887896 (1975-06-01), Ramstedt
patent: 4686475 (1987-08-01), Kober et al.
patent: 4849947 (1989-07-01), Baule et al.
Internet Discussion Nov. 15, 1995 Seismic records-- listening to them.
Internet Discussion Nov. 16, 1995 Seismic records-- listening to them.
Internet Discussion Nov. 20, 1995 Seismic records-- listening to them.
Fjeld Ola Kristian
Johansen Svein E.
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