Optics: measuring and testing – By polarized light examination
Patent
1997-08-19
2000-12-26
Pham, Hoa Q.
Optics: measuring and testing
By polarized light examination
356368, 600316, G01J 400
Patent
active
061668079
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a method of measuring an angle of rotation usable for identifying, examining a purity and determining a concentration of a solute in the solution, and a polarimeter using the method, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for urinalysis in which the angle of rotation of urine sampled from a man or other animal for examining the concentration of glucose, protein, etc. contained in the urine.
BACKGROUND ART
A healthy adult person usually voids 1000-1500 ml of urine every day. The total amount of solid components thereof is 50-70 g. About 25 g of the solid components is inorganic substances mainly composed of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and phosphoric acid, most of which are dissolved in the form of ions. The remains are organic substances mainly composed of urea and uric acid, and slight amounts of sugar and protein also exist therein. The concentrations of sugar and protein in the urine reflect the health conditions of the adult.
The sugar contained in the urine, i.e., glucose is discharged usually at a rate of 0.13-0.5 g per day into the urine. From this figure and the amount of urine, the concentration, i.e., the urine glucose level can be estimated at not more than 50 mg/dl on the average. The corresponding value is several hundred mg/dl, or sometimes as high as several thousand mg/dl. In other words, the value for diabetics can increase by a factor of ten or hundred as compared with the normal value.
On the other hand, the protein contained in urine, i.e., albumin is smaller in amount than glucose, and discharged at the rate of 3-60 mg into the urine. By taking the amount of the urine into account, average concentration is about 6 mg/dl or less. If a kidney is suffered, the albumin concentration reaches 100 mg/dl or more. That is, the value is increased to ten times the normal value or more.
Ordinally, as a conventional method of examining such sugar or protein in the urine, a test paper impregnated with an agent is dipped into the urine and a color reaction thereof is measured by spectrophotometer or the like.
In this method, however, different kinds of test paper were required to use for different items of examination including sugar, protein, etc. Also, a new test paper is required for each test, thereby leading to the disadvantage of a high running cost. Further, automation for labor saving has its own limit.
In addition, in a case of home use, a layman is demanded to set and change the test paper. This process is comparatively annoying and forms a stumbling block to the extension of the domestic use of the urinalysis apparatus.
Now, the conventional polarimeter will be explained. The conventional polarimeter had the problems described below.
An example of the conventional polarimeter is shown in FIG. 20.
In FIG. 20, a light source 121 is configured of a sodium lamp, a band-pass filter, a lens, a slit, etc. for projecting a substantially parallel light composed of a sodium D ray having a wavelength of 589 nm. A polarizer 122 is arranged in the direction of advance of the light projected from the light source 121 in such a position as to transmit only a component in a specific direction, which has a plane of vibration coincident with a transmission axis thereof, of the light projected from the light source 121. A sample cell 123 for holding a specimen is arranged in the direction of advance of the light transmitted through the polarizer 122. Further, an analyzer 124 is arranged, like the polarizer 122, in such a position as to transmit only the component of the light in a specific direction. An analyzer rotator 125 is for rotating the analyzer 124 on an axis parallel with the direction of advance of the light projected from the light source 121 under the control of a computer 127. A light sensor 126 is for detecting the light projected from the light source 121 and transmitted through the polarizer 122, the sample cell 123 and the analyzer 124. The computer 127 controls the analyzer rotator 125 while recording and analyzing a si
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Kawamura Tatsurou
Onishi Hiroshi
Sonoda Nobuo
Matsushita Electric - Industrial Co., Ltd.
Pham Hoa Q.
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