Zirconia pen balls

Details Zirconia pen balls Zirconia pen balls

1983-10-14

1986-11-11

McCarthy, Helen M.

Coating implements with material supply

Including ball, roller or endless-belt tool

Ball

501103, 501104, 501105, B43K 108, B43K 700, C04B 3548

Patent

active

046219366

ABSTRACT:
A liquid transfer ball formed from sintered zirconium oxide particles which exhibits utility as the ball element of a ball pen writing instrument to transfer ink from an ink reservoir to a writing surface such as paper. The ball exhibits a porosity of less than 8% by volume and is immune to corrosive action of inks.

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patent: 2847751 (1958-08-01), Reed
patent: 2984628 (1961-05-01), Alexander et al.
patent: 3887387 (1975-06-01), Sturhahn
patent: 4067745 (1978-01-01), Garvie et al.
patent: 4182627 (1980-01-01), Hardwick et al.
patent: 4316964 (1982-02-01), Lange
patent: 4360598 (1982-11-01), Otagiri et al.
patent: 4430279 (1984-02-01), Hagio et al.
patent: 4544607 (1985-10-01), Kaneno et al.
patent: 4565792 (1986-01-01), Knapp
Stevens, R., "An Introduction to Zirconia", pub'd Jun. 1983, by Magnesium Elektron Ltd., United Kingdom, pp. 7-9.
Rieth, P. H. et al., "Fabrication and Flexural Strength of Ultrafine-Grained Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia"--Ceramic Bull., 55, No. 8 (1976), pp. 717-721, 727.
Amato et al, Revue Internationale des Hautes Temperatures et des Refractaires, vol. 9, No. 2, Apr./Jun. 1972, pp. 197-204.

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