Internal-combustion engines – Solid fuel
Patent
1996-04-04
1998-01-13
Kamen, Noah P.
Internal-combustion engines
Solid fuel
F02R 4500
Patent
active
057067686
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to ignition gaps typically used in internal-combustion engines to impart to an injected fuel, preferably in the form of a powder, a temperature sufficient for ignition.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Swedish Patent Specification 8202835-8 describes an ignition gap device for diesel engines, where wood powder is supplied into the ignition gaps and caused to impinge on the heated gap walls for progressive ignition.
The major problem in the operation of these type of internal-combustion engines employing solid powder fuels is the ignition delay. In diesel engines, the ignition delay is defined as the time elapsing from the moment the fuel is injected into the combustion chamber until it is ignited.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a controlled reduction of the ignition delay and to increase the efficiency of fuel ignition. These and other objects are accomplished by arranging the ignition gaps in a zigzag configuration. Preferably, the ignition gaps are provided in different lengths by using a modular technique that can be adapted to prevailing requirements.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Preferred embodiments of the arrangement according to the invention will be described in more detail hereinbelow with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross section showing the possible design of an ignition gap section;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross section showing the design of a slightly modified ignition gap device;
FIG. 3 is a general view, partly in section, showing how the ignition gap device is integrated in an injection mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a cross section showing how three ignition gap plates of different hole configurations are joined together to extend in zigzag-shaped ignition gaps;
FIG. 5 is an end view of the upper plate in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an end view of another plate embodiment;
FIGS. 7, 8, and 9 are cross sections of the plate in FIG. 6, taken along the lines AA, BB and CC, respectively; and
FIG. 10 is an extended view taken along the radius r in FIG. 9 through three plates arranged as in FIG. 4.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a preferred embodiment of the present invention. A zigzag-shaped path created by ignition gaps or channels 2 is formed from several plates or modules 1. Each plate 1 is formed with one or more channel or gap sections having one of two different directions. The plates 1 are alternately stacked such that adjacent plates 1 have channel or gap sections with different directions. The inlets and outlets of adjacent plates 1 are located at the same position to form the one or more zigzag-shaped gaps or channels. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the mutual directional deviation of the ignition gap or channel 2 in the plates 1 is about 140.degree..
The plates or modules are preferably made of ceramics. The end surfaces 3 are accurately ground and lapped to provide a leakproof seal between adjacent plates 1 without the need of additional sealing devices.
FIG. 2 shows an arrangement of plates 1 adjacent an injection nozzle 4. The injection nozzle 4 is positioned over a piston 5 in the combustion chamber 6 of a diesel engine. In this embodiment, the end plates 1a and 1b have spherically domed surfaces 7 accurately mating with complementary dome shaped surfaces 8 of parts 9 and 10, respectively. Parts 9 and 10 are fixed to the engine and arranged at the injection mechanism. Part 10 is provided with a movable gland seal 11 taking up the temperature movement in the plates. The spherical end plates, 1a and 1b, facilitate mounting. The plates 1 are heated during the starting phase by a heating coil or winding 12.
For clarifying purposes, a description of the preferred powder fuel will now be given. In the manufacture of powder fuel for internal combustion engines, the fuel is ground and sifted. The fuel may be grounded using beater mills, ball mills, cylpebs mills or pinned disc mills, as well as vacuum mills. Sifting takes pla
REFERENCES:
patent: 4610136 (1986-09-01), Abom
patent: 4738227 (1988-04-01), Kamo et al.
patent: 5202303 (1993-04-01), Retallick et al.
.ANG.bom Jan
Kamen Noah P.
Tornqvist Bengt G.
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