Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Surface coated – fluid encapsulated – laminated solid... – Isolated whole seed – bean or nut – or material derived therefrom
Reexamination Certificate
2000-10-10
2001-05-08
Sayala, Chhaya D. (Department: 1761)
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Surface coated, fluid encapsulated, laminated solid...
Isolated whole seed, bean or nut, or material derived therefrom
C426S103000, C426S548000, C426S805000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06228402
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to edible pet foodstuff for dental caries prevention. The invention also relates to a process of preparing such edible pet foodstuff.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Dental plaque acids, produced by
Streptococcus mutans
and other acidogenic bacteria in an animal's mouth, are responsible for the formation and exacerbation of dental caries and the occurrence of malodorous breath in animals.
It is believed that recently dental caries and malodorous breath have become more prevalent in pets. While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that certain additives or materials in pet food may be responsible at least in part.
A need exists for a pet foodstuff and a treatment method for treating pet's gums and teeth to reduce the incidence of caries and to control malodorous breath in pets.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered that the incidence of caries in pets can be reduced by placing xylitol in contact with a pet's gums and teeth.
In one aspect, this invention provides a range of materials containing various xylitol mixtures to place the xylitol into contact with an animal's teeth for the longest period of time possible. By doing so, xylitol reduces dental plaque acids and inhibits the growth of
S. mutans
, and other acidogenic bacteria responsible for the formation and exacerbation of dental caries in dogs, cats, horses, pets and other show animals. Another objective is to provide a dry biscuit or treat type of food that synergistically operates with the xylitol to lessen the incidence of dental plaque or tartar by chewing the dry biscuit material.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a process is provided for preparing dry, solid animal food in biscuit or treat form with a topical additive onto which the xylitol combination is sprayed, brushed or dipped thereby permitting the topical coating to remain on the outside of the biscuit or treat but firmly adhered thereto. This will increase the time the xylitol combination is placed in direct contact with the animal's teeth increasing the time xylitol will affect any
S. mutans
present in the mouth. Another objective of the invention is to provide a means of controlling malodorous breath, especially in dogs and cats, by increasing salivation. Another objective of the invention is to prepare a xylitol-containing gel that can be placed directly onto the animal's teeth. A further objective of this invention is to provide a powder to be placed in the animal's drinking water to provide further protection from plaque acids by increasing the contact of xylitol with the animal's teeth over the period of a day. This is especially important for “free feeders,” that is, animals which continuously feed throughout the day and are not amenable to being fed the xylitol-containing biscuits after scheduled meals.
In accordance with still another aspect of the invention, a process is provided of preparing a chew rawhide with a topically applied and/or impregnated xylitol-containing mixture. The goal is to maximize exposure during the day of the xylitol-containing mixture to be in direct contact with the animal's teeth.
All of the above applications of the invention taken together further describe another aspect of the invention, that is, this is a comprehensive delivery system of placing xylitol in contact with the animal's teeth for the greatest period of time during the day.
In one aspect, the invention permits the use of a comprehensive method of exposing the animal's teeth to the xylitol product. As stated above, this is accomplished using a variety of delivery materials, that is, topically coated biscuits and treats, topically coated or impregnated rawhide chew bones or toys, “sandwich” style or “pocket” biscuits or treats, a powder soluble in water, and a topical gel application.
The “sandwich” or “pocket” style biscuits or treats are made in such a way that the xylitol mixture is layered using a special process between flat biscuits to create a biscuit that serves a dual purpose of reducing tartar or plaque by the action of chewing against the teeth, and to release the xylitol mixture slowly after the “chewing” action is accomplished.
In one aspect of the invention, novel dog biscuits and cat treats are provided. The farinaceous-based baked biscuits have certain constituents including xylitol suitable for animal consumption, generally food grade xylitol. Xylitol exhibits therapeutic properties for the amelioration of dental caries and conditions promoting the formation of dental caries. A suitable adherence material, such as gum arabic (or other suitable vegetable gum) may be present as a separate coating or in a mixture with the xylitol, for example. When used as a separate coating, the gum arabic is applied to the surface of the biscuit or treat and is allowed to dry or as otherwise required for that particular type of adherent material. This improves the adherence of the xylitol compound to the surface of the biscuit or treat for greater effectiveness. More than one coating layer may be used. The amount of xylitol in such coating should approximate one-half gram per biscuit. Generally, the xylitol will be applied to the surface of the biscuit (or treat) after preparation of the biscuit is otherwise completed. When the coated biscuit is consumed by the animal, release of the xylitol product into the animal's mouth and on the teeth is maintained for the longest time. Xylitol added to the bulk dough before the baking process can be done, but is not preferred because it does not place the maximum amount of xylitol in direct contact with the animal's teeth, a process important to maximize effectiveness.
Another aspect of the invention involves the use of chew toys and bones or treats. These chew toys are made of rawhide, pigskin (in the form of “roll-ups”) or other suitable material and are either coated with or impregnated with a xylitol mixture.
Another aspect of the invention involves the use of a water soluble consumable mouthwash powder mix with xylitol in combination with other suitable materials such as aloe vera concentrate and/or zinc amino acid chelate designed to be placed into a pet's water bowl to provide continuous xylitol contact every time the animal drinks water.
Another aspect of the invention involves the use of a topical gel containing a xylitol, lactitol, and HSH (hydrogenated starch hydrolyzate syrup) mixture. This is applied directly to an animal's teeth especially during periods when the animal is not likely to be fed.
The term “dog biscuit” as used herein means a biscuit for a dog that is baked or otherwise processed to form a biscuit. These dog biscuits can be made from any suitable dough or other starting material. One such advantageous combination is a biscuit made from a dough consisting of whole wheat flour, brewer's yeast, wheat germ, edible bone meal, chicken broth, canola oil, and whole egg. There is a deliberate method to using only natural ingredients in these formulations. Added sugar, corn syrup, any sucrose or fructose product is completely avoided as that could compromise the efficacy of the cariostatic and anti-cariogenic effects of the xylitol compound as described herein.
The term “cat treat” or treat as used herein means a treat for a cat that is baked or otherwise processed to form a treat. These cat treats can be made from any suitable dough or other starting material. One such advantageous combination consists of barley flour, ground chicken, whole eggs, edible bone meal, rye flour, canola oil, wheat germ, ascorbic acid, taurine, water, chicken or beef broth.
The term “sandwich” as used herein means a pet foodstuff which is comprised of two biscuits, treats, or other bulk foodstuff which are joined with a xylitol mixture between the biscuits, treats or other foodstuff.
The term “pocket” as used herein means a pet foodstuff which contains a xylitol mixture in the center of the pet foodstuff wherein the b
Peldyak John
Wolf Phyllis
Adore-A-Pet, Ltd.
Ryndak & Suri
Sayala Chhaya D.
LandOfFree
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