Compositions: coating or plastic – Coating or plastic compositions – Contains fireproofing or biocidal agent
Patent
1993-05-03
1995-03-21
Green, Anthony
Compositions: coating or plastic
Coating or plastic compositions
Contains fireproofing or biocidal agent
106 183, 106 1836, 252380, 252384, 424405, 514492, 514493, 514494, 514498, 514499, 514500, 514501, 514502, 514503, 514504, 514505, 514558, A01N 300, A01N 2500
Patent
active
053991907
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to wood preservatives. More specifically this invention relates to a wood preservative suitable for use in protecting wood against attack by microorganisms and insects, more particularly fungi and termites.
Various wood preservatives which have been in use for many years have in recent times been identified as environmentally harmful. Some of these have now been withdrawn from the market in certain countries and it is expected that the increasing environmental awareness will lead to the withdrawal of more of these products in a growing number of countries. Included amongst these preservatives are the products known as pentachlorophenol [PCP], copper chromium arsenate [CCA], creosote and tributyl tin oxide [TBTo]. The search for replacement products which have no, or a smaller, environmental impact and which are yet effective in protecting wood against insect and microorganism attack, particularly against termite and fungal attack, is continuing unabated by many research companies in the world.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a wood preservative composition which it is believed would fulfill these needs.
It has been reported in the literature that the metal soaps of naturally occurring organic acids such as oleic, stearic, and tall oil acids has been suggested as preservatives to protect cellulose materials against fungal attack but has been found to be inferior to the metal naphthenates. [See for example "The Development and use of Naphthenates for Timber Preservation", by R A Bulman, Record British Wood Preservating Association (1955) p. 36 at 40]. The use of copper tallate, i.e. the copper soap of tall oil acid which comprises a mixture of fatty acids [oleic, linoleic, palmitic and stearic] and rosin acid [abietic acid] has been suggested as a pesticide in the preservation of cellulosic materials such as wood. [See U.S. Pat. No. 2,584,041].
The present invention relates to a wood preservative composition comprising metal soaps of a mixture of naturally occurring fatty acids in a specific compositional ratio range which composition has been shown to be a superior preservative to termite and fungal attack on wood when compared to the metal naphthenates. By implication the composition is hence also superior to the individual metallic soaps of fatty acids referred to above and the tall oil acid metallic soap mixture.
According to the present invention there is provided a wood preservative composition comprising a mixture of two or more metallic soaps of long chain unsaturated fatty acids, the metallic component of the soaps being selected from the group consisting of copper, zinc, chromium, iron, antimony, tin, cobalt, nickel, arsenic, boron, lead, magnesium, potassium and sodium and the fatty acid component comprising at least two of the group consisting of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid such that the ratio by mass of the metallic soaps of oleic acid: linoleic acid: linolenic acid is about 20-29:15-70:0-47. The iodine value of the metallic soap mixture is preferably between 125 and 180.
The mixture may in addition also include saturated fatty acid metallic soaps such as a metallic soap derived from stearic acid and palmitic acid, and if present, the stearic acid and palmitic acid metal soaps may be present in a quantity constituting between 1.0 and 6.5 and between 5 and 11.5 parts by mass respectively.
In a preferred form of the invention the mass ratio of the fatty acid soaps in the preservative composition falls preferably in the following ranges:
Stearic acid soap:oleic acid soap:linoleic acid soap:linolenic acid soap:palmitic acid soap of about 1.0-6.5:24.5-28.6:49.8-70.0:0-0.4:5.0-11.5.
Most preferably, however, the ratio by mass of the stearic acid soap:oleic acid soap:linoleic acid soap:linolenic acid soap:palmitic acid soap is about 4.8:26.6: 54.8:0.1:8.5.
In the preferred form of the present invention the metallic component of the metal soaps is copper [Cu.sup.++ ]. The metal soaps forming the preservative composition of the present inventio
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patent: 4532161 (1985-07-01), Collins et al.
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Conradie Denise
Conradie Wilhelm E.
Pendlebury Andrew J.
Pizzi Antonio
CSIR
Green Anthony
Shell Research Ltd.
Shell South Africa (Pty.) Ltd.
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