Prime-mover dynamo plants – Fluid-current motors – Wind
Patent
1998-10-13
2000-12-05
Ponomarenko, Nick
Prime-mover dynamo plants
Fluid-current motors
Wind
290 44, F03D 1104
Patent
active
061570885
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to the utilization of a decommissioned power station chimney or industrial chimney made of concrete as a tower for a wind converter with high electrical output having with a rotor with a horizontal rotor axis upon whose point there are mounted flying rotor vanes.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Wind energy systems belong to a group of alternative, environmentally friendly renewable energy sources and are used to an increasing extent for the generation of electrical power. Wind is not available permanently as an energy source, nor at a uniform intensity. It is known that for these reasons wind power plants are usually erected in areas which have frequent and notably high wind velocities.
As a rule, most prior art wind energy systems include a tower comprising a concrete or steel construction or a mixed construction, including the associated foundation and, on the upper end of the tower, a wind converter with a rotary arrangement for free rotation through 360.degree. (Wind Power Systems, Springer Verlag, Berlin, DE 1988, pages 388, 390). With the aid of the rotary device, the converter is rotated concentrically into the respective wind direction in an automatic manner via corresponding measuring and control devices.
The operating heights of conventional converters are restricted to a hub height or rotor axis of 20 to 65 m by the high costs for foundations and tower and by problems in transporting completed towers or sections to the site. The highest nominal output yet known of a single converter was achieved in Germany with the wind power system GROWIAN and other prototypes, at about 1500 kW. These and other constructions however involved the disadvantage of a restricted tower height or of excessively high investment for higher towers, so that, in less windy inland regions, the chances for an economically viable power system are poor.
Basic research into utilization of wind energy by windmills was published in a re-print from 1926 in Betz, Wind-Energie, Okobuchverlag, Stauffen, DE, 1982 with illustrations of: frequency distribution of predominating wind velocities, illustration 1; distribution of the annual energy yield, illustration 34; alteration in wind velocity in dependence on measured height, illustration 2; and theoretical calculations for possible power outputs for wind power systems, shown for wind wheel diameters up to 100 m in a nomogram, illustration 10.
This basic document indicates that only those rotors with profiled vanes and horizontal axle position are favourable in energy terms, which use lift on the rotor as a parameter.
Wind wheels with a perpendicular axis are indicated for large-scale systems above 1000 kW, yet are shown as unfavourable from the energy point of view.
A prior art wind generating system is known from DE 31 06 777 A1, in which high towers, such as a chimney of a constructive height of 150 m and a diameter of 15 m are disclosed, about which wind wheels are to rotate in a vertical axis In a similar way, in WO 92/08893 discloses the use of an industrial chimney or tower which is still in operation. In this case two plates are mounted on support arms of a support ring at the chimney head or the chimney shaft which, due to their wind resistance, rotate about the operating chimney.
The theoretical principle that windmills rotating about a vertical axis have a very poor degree of efficiency and are inferior to rotors having a horizontal axis and different vane profiles, as established by the author Betz, applies for these prior art devices in references DE 31 06 777 al and WO 92/08893.
There is no indication to be found in these documents as to whether the chimney constructions given as an alternative may be simply used.
The document DE-C 830 180 discloses another prior art device including a guyed tower on which converters, which are mounted on jibs on the tower, have a degree of freedom of rotation about the tower. As soon as high winds or storms are to be expected, the jibs are lowered with the conve
REFERENCES:
patent: 4180369 (1979-12-01), Ottosen
patent: 4184084 (1980-01-01), Crehore
patent: 4447738 (1984-05-01), Allison
patent: 5289041 (1994-02-01), Holley
patent: 5419683 (1995-05-01), Peace
patent: 5694774 (1997-12-01), Drucker
Erich Hau, "Windkraftanlagen", 1988, pp. 387-389.
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