Compositions – Fire-extinguishing – Foam-stabilizant or colloid-stabilizant containing
Patent
1991-12-20
1992-10-27
Lovering, Richard D.
Compositions
Fire-extinguishing
Foam-stabilizant or colloid-stabilizant containing
252 86, 252 87, 252355, 252353, 81157, D06M 13256, D06M 13262, D06M 1138
Patent
active
051586924
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to the use of mixtures containing (A), unsaturated C.sub.16-22 carboxylic acid C.sub.16-22 alkenyl ester sulfonates and (B), at least one surfactant from the group of sulfates as wetting agents in aqueous alkaline treatment preparations for yarns or sheet-form textiles.
2. Discussion of Related Art
Cotton contains natural impurities, for example waxes, wax-like substances, proteins, seed shells, fruit husks and pectins and also impurities which are applied as foreign substances in the course of processing, such as paraffins and/or mineral oils. The impurities in wool, regenerated fibers, such as viscose rayon, and synthetic fibers, such as polyester and polyamide, emanate from the treatment of these materials with finishes (Chwala/Anger in "Handbuch der Textilhilfsmittel", pages 526-528, 537, 558 et seq., Verlag Chemie Weinheim 1977). In order completely to remove these impurities mentioned by way of example, textile fibers, particularly cellulose-containing textile fibers, are normally subjected to a pretreatment.
Aqueous treatment preparations for the pretreatment and bleaching of natural fibers, such as cotton, or of mixtures of natural and synthetic fibers, such as cotton/ polyester or cotton/polyamide, require the addition of wetting agents to obtain relatively quick and intimate contact between the treatment preparation and the textile material. Mercerizing liquors, bleaches, cleaning preparations, boil-off preparations and degreasing preparations are examples of pretreatment and bleaching preparations. Wetting agents present in treatment preparations such as these must be soluble in water and stable to alkalis and must guarantee uniform wetting of the textile material In addition, they should be able to be easily added to the treatment preparations, i.e. should be present in liquid form at room temperature. In addition, wetting agents must be ecologically acceptable, i.e. must be readily biodegradable and non-toxic to aquatic organisms.
The object of the present invention was to develop liquid, water-soluble and alkali-stable wetting preparations which may be used in alkaline treatment preparations for sheet-form textiles or yarns.
Description of the Invention
Other than in the operating examples, or where otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients or reaction conditions used herein are to be understood as modified in all instances by the term "about".
It has been found that the stringent requirements which wetting agents have to meet are largely satisfied by sulfonated, unsaturated C.sub.16-22 carboxylic acid C.sub.16-22 alkenyl esters in combination with at least one surfactant from the group of sulfates.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to the use of mixtures containing sulfonates in the form of their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and/or amine salts and of their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and/or amine salts and/or glycerol ether sulfates in the form of their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and/or amine salts, prepared by base-catalyzed reaction of glycerol and/or alkoxylated glycerols with C.sub.1-10 alkyl halides and subsequent sulfatization of the glycerol ethers formed and/or sulfatized hydroxyalkyl alkylpolyalkylene glycol ethers corresponding to general formula I ##STR1## in which R is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R.sup.1 is an alkyl radical containing 6 to 18 alkaline treatment preparations for yarns or sheet-form textiles.
Mixtures in which the ratio by weight of component A to component B is from 4:1 to 1:1 are preferably used as wetting agents.
Sulfonated, unsaturated C.sub.16-22 carboxylic acid C.sub.16-22 alkenyl esters are known compounds which may be obtained in accordance with DE 38 09 322 by sulfonation of esters--prepared by reaction of unsaturated C.sub.16-22 carboxylic acids with C.sub.16-22 alkenyl alcohols--and subsequent neutralization of the sulfonation products with aqueous solutions of alkali
REFERENCES:
patent: 4075021 (1978-02-01), Kukuchi et al.
patent: 4877896 (1989-10-01), Maedonado et al.
patent: 4929366 (1990-05-01), Yamamoto et al.
Berger Faize
Fabry Bernd
Wahle Bernd
Bhat N.
Grandmaison Real J.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
Lovering Richard D.
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