Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or... – Including a second component containing structurally defined...
Patent
1996-02-05
1998-03-31
Ball, Michael W.
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or...
Including a second component containing structurally defined...
106 36, 152210, 152211, 428143, 428551, 428687, B60C 1100, B32B 516, C09K 314
Patent
active
057336504
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention under consideration is a composite material for use as wearing surface on rubber tires for winter conditions.
There are several factors influencing the grip of a car tire on ice and snow, such as the tire design, the non skid pattern as well as the material composition for the wearing surface.
During the past years a lot of research work and money have been spent on developing tires with improved performance, especially for winter driving under icy and slippery road conditions. Especially due to the heavy wear of pavement material experienced with the use of cogged tires and resulting environmental problems, efforts have been made to develop tires for improved performance without using cogs. A lot of design changes in the non skid patterns have been tried, as well as difference rubber mixtures for the wearing surface with or without so called friction increasing elements like grained or particle formed materials embedded.
Examples of the present position of developments may be found by studying the following patent publications: U.S. Pat. No. 2,582,701, U.S. Pat. No. 2,672,910, U.S. Pat. No. 2,675,047, U.S. Pat. No. 2,766,800, U.S. Pat. No. 3,062,255, GB 1578077, EP 442155, FR 2317109, WO 85/05329, DE 2101224, DE 3220603, U.S. Pat. No. 1,578,121, as well as NO applications 903245 and 9033259.
The applicant has performed a number of practical tests covering different rubber mixtures as well as variable proportions of rubber and particles in the wearing surface. Through this work, the applicant has reached the conclusion that parameters like: surfaces. Depending on the hardness level of the material to be mixed in, the applicant has found that the percentage of particles mixed into the wearing surface material may be considerably increased by reducing the grain size.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Generally speaking, the frictional material for mixing into a wearing surface rubber compound is according to the present invention characterized by a mixture of crystalline chrysolite (olivine) and a metal powder, being for example a steel powder and/or a powder from an aluminium alloy, and if desired an additional friction supporting material having good binding force to the rubber mixture.
A proposed admixture for the frictional material is 20 to 60% by weight, preferably approximately 45% by weight of the total wearing surface compound.
Regarding composition of the frictional material it is suggested, after performing experiments, that the best results are obtained using approximate values of powder materials in the order of 5-20% steel, 30-60% crystalline olivine and additionally, if desired, some powder material.
Regarding particle size it is concluded, after performing experiments, that the materials be finely ground to the extent possible. The olivine powder as well as the other materials used should as an example maintain a particle size of 0.001 to 0.1 mm, the greater part of the particles being preferably in the area 0.0015 to 0.022 mm.
By using a mixture as mentioned above, a particularly stabilized relation between rubber- and friction material will occur due to the nature of the compound and the grading as well.
As the admixture of additional material, this part may as an example consist of coke powder. This coke powder may also partly or as a whole be exchanged by a silicon carbide in powder form, for example, replacing from 3-40% of the coke powder. The use of coke powder in the friction material offers particularly good frictional properties, but the coke powder by itself reduces the wear resistance of the rubber compound. The olivine powder has proved to give a wearing surface with very good frictional properties in addition to the fact that the particle shape is positive for the binding to rubber. It has further been found possible to achieve a very good and homogenous mixture of olivine and steel powder, and the steel has been seen during the vulcanisation process to increase the heat conducting properties of the mixture quite considerably, leading to a be
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Ball Michael W.
Lorin Francis J.
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