Chemistry: fertilizers – Processes and products – Organic material-containing
Reexamination Certificate
2001-12-10
2004-09-21
Sayala, C. (Department: 1761)
Chemistry: fertilizers
Processes and products
Organic material-containing
C071S014000, C071S015000, C071S016000, C071S023000, C071S031000, C071S061000, C071S063000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06793704
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a weak alkaline organic fertilizer manufactured from organic waste including food waste and its manufacturing method.
2. Background of the Related Art
Sulfur compounds (SO
x
) generated from combustion of fossil fuels react with OH
−
in the atmosphere into sulfuric acid (H
2
SO
4
), which causes acid rain and acid fog to acidify soils and streams and leaches out calcium ions (Ca
2+
) from plants to cause a biological disorder of the plants.
Due to repeated cultivation, mass production-originated farming and continuous application of chemical fertilizers, the farm land is over concentrated phosphoric acid potassium while soil nourishment necessary to the soil, such as organism, lime, silicic acid or the like is in poverty that is unbalanced ingredients. Further-more continuous application of agricultural chemicals against the damage from disease and harmful insects that weaken the resistance and strength of the plants causes to be an issue of safety.
The more population explodes in the civilized life style, the more organic waste including food waste produces. Particularly, food waste causes a serious environmental contamination without rapid treatment because it has the high moisture content and is putrescible organics. The current treatment method primarily relies on land reclamation or cremation and partly on recycling as animal feeds or fertilizes. Land reclamation or cremation are considered as an imperfect treatment due to secondary environmental contamination, such as seepage water, offensive odor, dioxin, chlorine gas or dusts, and the NIMBY effect further high expense. Moreover, land reclamation is prohibited according to the related regulations from the year of 2005. The recycling of the organic waste as animal feeds or fertilizers is mainly based on an anaerobic/aerobic digestion method and a microorganism-based fermentation method which has its own limitations such as longer time requirement and the difficulty to estimate the degree of decomposition. Futher-more due to problems related with seepage water, offensive odor, toxic saline matters, or mad cow disease of plant-eating animals, the conventional recycling method is hardly activated. Thus the food waste treatment has become a serious issue in the society.
The recent lime-based hydration method in which quick lime or dolomite is mixed with organic waste including food waste for digestion enables to economically treat the organic waste on a large scale and is being widely attempted to apply in many areas in the aspect that the treated material neutralizes the acid soil improves, supplements deficient nutriments and improves the problems with the conventional treatment methods. However, the lime-based digestion method still has some problems in that the organic waste is not completely removed of the harmful saline matters and the lime-digested material is a strong alkali having a pH value of 12 to 13, which involves a difficulty in controlling the applied amount of the fertilizer, causes human diseases to the skin, eyes and respiratory organs through direct contact and destroys the plants and microorganism in soil. The lime-digested organic waste is thus required for aging for 2 to 3 months to stabilize the pH value to weak alkalinity in order to reduce the offensive odor. As such, the lime-based digestion method has not been in practical use with those unsettled problems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a weak alkaline organic fertilizer manufactured from organic waste including food waste and its manufacturing method that substantially obviates unsettled problems from the limitations and disadvantages of the conventional treatment.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a functional plant agent for garden plants or lawn in golf links, which method includes mixing a desalter with organic waste with agitating to completely de-compose saline matters from the organic waste, introducing a waste-drying exhaust gas having a high CO
2
content generated from lime hydration process, an exhaust gas from a lime calcining kiln, or a separate CO
2
gas into a mixer, a aging tank and a hydration tank in the reverse order to convert the strong alkaline calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)
2
) or magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)
2
) to the neutral (weak alkaline) salt of calcium carbonate(CaCO
3
) and magnesium carbonate(MgCO
3
) through carbonation, thereby making it possible to readily apply the organic waste like a organic manure on a large scale in a safe way, adding a deodorizing substances useful to the plants to eliminate the olfactory offensiveness of the organic waste and enhance the plants' absorption of calcium, and adding aqueous necessary inorganic minerals to prevent the calcium deficiency of the plants and increase the plant's resistance and growth.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The manufacturing process of the present invention will be described as follows.
The organic waste including food waste collected is unloaded from trucks into an organic waste receiving hopper
1
, removed of magnetic matters such as metal by a magnetic separator in a separating feed conveyor
2
, removed of non-magnetic matters such as wood, plastic, vinyl or cloth through vibration and hand picking in a vibrating separator
3
, and cut by a pulverizer
4
. A desalter is stored in a desalter hopper
2
-
1
by a desalter receiving elevator
1
-
1
, mixed with the organic waste, which is transferred to the pulverizer
4
by a screw conveyor
3
-
1
and pulverized at the pulverizer. The pulverized organic waste is then pumped into a storage tank
6
by a transfer monopump
5
and agitated at 60 rpm at the storage tank
6
for acceleration of desalting, as a result of which the saline matters contained in the organic waste is completely de-composed as an aqueous neutral salt, sodium sulfate Na
2
SO
4
.
For calcareous materials, quick lime and burnt dolomite, the product from a lime and/or dolomite calcining kiln
60
or an ordered product loaded on trucks is fed into a lime/dolomite receiving hopper
8
and transferred to silos
11
and
13
by a feeder
9
and bucket elevator
10
. The first additives-lime, quick lime and dolomite are fed into a first reactor(hydration tank)
16
in a defined amount by a bucket elevator
15
and take place hydration with the moisture in the organic waste fed into the first reactor
16
by the monopump
7
.
The resulting material of the lime hydration is aged at a second reactor(aging tank)
17
and transferred to a mixer
18
. The second additives are transferred to the mixer
18
in a defined amount by receiving elevators
19
and
22
, additive hoppers
20
and
23
, and screw feeders
21
and
22
, and mixed with the aged organic waste so as to manufacture a customized organic fertilizer. The second additives include a siliceous material; a carbon ingredient for promoting the growth of microorganisms and plants, such as graphite, active carbon or charcoal; clays for supply of micronutrient element; zeolite or bentonite for improving soil cation exchange capacity; sawdust for control of moisture absorption; and supplementary organic matters such as farmyard manure or the like.
The organic fertilizer thus manufactured is a strong alkaline fertilizer (pH 12-13) and thus dealkalized into a weak alkaline organic fertilizer that is safe and beneficial to the soil and plants even when it is applied in a large amount. For dealkalization, a CO
2
-containing exhaust gas from a calcining kiln, a fue
Sayala C.
Troxell Law Office PLLC
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