Wax-free low moisture chewing gum

Details Wax-free low moisture chewing gum Wax-free low moisture chewing gum

1994-08-24

1995-08-01

Hunter, Jeanette

Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products

Normally noningestible chewable material or process of...

A23G 330

Patent

active

054378753

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation-in-part of a copending International Application No. PCT/US92/11317, filed on Dec. 30, 1992 which in turn is a continuation-in-part of International Application No. PCT/US92/09615, filed on Nov. 6, 1992, which in turn is a continuation-in-part of PCT/US92/01686, filed on Mar. 3, 1992. Each of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to improved low moisture chewing gums of the type which do not contain petroleum wax or mineral wax.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

U.S. Pat. No. 3,984,574, issued to Comollo, discloses an adhesive chewing gum base in which the non-tack properties were achieved by eliminating conventional chewing gum base ingredients which were found to contribute to chewing gum tackiness, and by substituting non-tacky ingredients in place of the conventional ingredients. Specifically, it was discovered that three classes of materials account for conventional chewing gum tackiness. These materials are elastomers, resins, and waxes.
Comollo eliminated natural and some synthetic elastomers from chewing gum base, and substituted in their place one or more non-tacky synthetic elastomers such as polyisobutylene, polyisoprene, isobutyleneisoprene copolymer and butadiene-styrene copolymer. Comollo also eliminated the tack-producing natural resins and modified natural resins and used instead relatively high amounts of hydrogenated or partially hydrogenated vegetable oils or animal fats. Finally, Comollo completely excluded waxes from the gum base, but included polyvinyl acetate, fatty acids, and mono and diglycerides of fatty acids.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to waxfree, low moisture chewing gums manufactured using waxfree gum bases and other essentially dried ingredients wherein the total amount of moisture contained in the final chewing gum product ranges from about 0.1 weight percent to about 2.0 weight percent water. The term "essentially dried" as used herein means less than 10 weight percent water and is used to describe ingredients which are anhydrous as well as ingredients containing as much as 10.0 weight percent water. These essentially dried, i.e. from 0-10% water, materials may be, for example dextrose or sucrose solid crystalline compounds or corn syrup solids, other types of sweeteners or sweetener solids, or such formulated products such as coevaporated Lycasin, a product to be described later. Generally speaking, our wax-free low moisture gums are made using a wax-free gum base, bulking agents, binders and sweeteners (all herein referred to generally as sweeteners) where the bulking agents are the usual crystalline or powdered sugars, sugar alcohols, and the like, and the binders are low moisture modified syrups such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,728,515, Patel et. al., and U.S. Pat. No. 4,671,861, Patel et. al., both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The modified low moisture syrups can be made by adding water-soluble plasticizers, i.e., glycerin, propylene glycol, or mixtures thereof, to carbohydrate syrups, which syrups preferably contain carbohydrate solids and water with less than 30 weight percent of the carbohydrate solids having a degree of polymerization (DP) of one, and more than 20 weight percent carbohydrate solids having a DP greater than 4. Normally the syrups initially contain at least 50 weight percent total carbohydrate solids.
After the addition of the water-soluble plasticizers to the carbohydrate syrups, the mixture is heated to temperatures sufficient to remove water from the mixture, preferably such that the total amount of water remaining in the plasticized carbohydrate syrup is less than 20 weight percent, and preferably less than 10 weight percent, of the total plasticized carbohydrate syrup.
The gum base of the invention includes quantities of at least one each of an elastomer, elastomer plasticiser, filler and softener, and, like the gum base of Comollo, is substantially fre

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