Hydraulic and earth engineering – Underground passageway – e.g. – tunnel – Vertical
Patent
1991-06-13
1993-01-05
Reese, Randolph A.
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Underground passageway, e.g., tunnel
Vertical
405135, 405249, 405252, E21D 501
Patent
active
051764709
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a water-tight bore shaft foundation.
In shafts which are manufactured in accordance with the freezing procedure, various solutions for mining-insensitive foundations are known. However, these solutions cannot be used in bore shafts because in bore shafts the foundation area is not accessible.
Foundations which have been known in the past for bore shafts are connected to the ground and, therefore, are mining-sensitive. In these foundations, after the shaft bore has been finished, the outer tight shaft structure is lowered as a pontoon by means of ballast water and its own weight until the intended end position is reached. In this end position, the lower end of the shaft structure is surrounded with a base which is made of underwater concrete introduced between the ground and the shaft structure. After the underwater concrete has hardened, the annular space between the shaft structure and the ground above the base is filled with soft asphalt which displaces the drilling liquid in the annular space. The disadvantage of such a bore shaft foundation is the fact that the lower end of the shaft structure is mounted rigidly, so that mining movements of the ground--possibly in conjunction with inclinations of the shaft structure relative to the shaft axis--may irreparably damage the bore shaft foundation and, thus, the bore shaft foundation may leak.
The invention is based on the problem of constructing a water-tight bore shaft foundation according to the features in the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that mining movements of the ground no longer can have a negative influence on the water-tight quality of the bore shaft foundation, even if substantial curvatures of the shaft axis occur.
Thus, the shaft structure is now placed with its lower end on a liquid and is on the outside surrounded completely by liquid. The hydraulic thrust bearing absorbs the vertical loads, while the circumferential hydraulic annular cylinder carries out the yielding and tightening functions. These two elements form an articulated arrangement which makes it possible for the shaft structure to tilt by up to 2% of inclination change relative to the base, without impairing the water tightness of the bore shaft foundation. In addition, the bore shaft foundation is free of rearrangements of forces.
The hydraulic thrust bearing serves for the permanent transmission of the own weight of the shaft structure through the base into the ground. The hydraulic medium in the thrust bearing is subjected to a pressure which corresponds to the own weight of the shaft structure, independently of the state of tilting of the shaft structure which may occur due to mining influences. Consequently, vertical pressures distributed over the circumference are uniformly transmitted into the ground in any tilting state. In this manner, the load acting on the ground as well as on the shaft structure is kept as low as possible. The hydraulic annular cylinder which surrounds the lower vertical portion of the shaft structure seals the bore shaft in a yielding manner relative to the base. It is of significance in this connection that the annular cylinder extends to a sufficient extent upwardly along the shaft structure from the thrust bearing into the annular space with the soft asphalt. As a result, this asphalt can transmit its hydraulic pressure continuously on the hydraulic medium in the annular cylinder.
The features of the invention make it possible to support a shaft structure for a bore shaft completely slidingly in the water-tight portion. This provides the advantage that any damage in the non-water-tight, ground-connected shaft structure underneath the tilting joint arrangement can be repaired relatively easily from the hollow space of the bore shaft. Therefore, such a mining-insensitive shaft structure for bore shafts which is mounted slidingly in a water-tight manner, makes it possible to arrange bore shafts even in mining areas with significant mining influences in order to supply these mining operations
REFERENCES:
patent: 4401397 (1983-08-01), Sommer et al.
patent: 4465405 (1984-08-01), Durfeld
patent: 4473322 (1984-09-01), Echols et al.
Gluckauf, "Das Abteufen und Ausbaurn der Gefrierschachte Wulfen lund Z" pp. 1473-1495, Dec. 1964.
Gewerkschaft Auguste Victoria
Olsen Arlen L.
Reese Randolph A.
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