Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Carbohydrates or derivatives
Patent
1997-11-21
1999-12-14
Kunz, Gary L.
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Carbohydrates or derivatives
536124, 536 57, C08B 3108, C08B 3112
Patent
active
060019956
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
Viscose fiber has essentially the same dyeing characteristics as cotton fiber. At present, the dyeing of natural or regenerated cellulosic fiber requires the presence of alkali-donating agents and also electrolytes in order that satisfactory fixation results may be obtained with reactive dyes. However, it is precisely these necessary additions which are ecologically unacceptable. The future will therefore increasingly belong to regenerated cellulose fiber which is first, without additional process steps, converted into modifications having a high dye affinity, i.e. modifications which are dyeable without salt and alkali. Fiber modified in this way resembles animal fiber, such as wool or silk, in its chemical behavior and it can be dyed under neutral conditions with anionic dyes without further salt or alkali additions.
A special field of application in this connection are blend fabrics, for example fabrics composed of blends between polyester and modified viscose, which can then be dyed in a single bath.
Modifications of viscose have already been described in the literature. DE-A-1 948 487 describes a process for producing viscose fiber having novel dyeing properties. The fiber is produced using polyamineamides, which not only severely alter the native character of the fiber but are also responsible for the unsatisfactory fastness level of the subsequent dyeing.
Similarly, DE-A-1 469 062 concerns "aminalized fiber". The additions are aminoethyl- and diethylaminoethyl-celluloses in high concentration, and the dyeing is done exclusively with acid dyes. The disadvantage of this process is that the additions first have to be complicatedly synthesized and isolated and, what is more, are costly.
It is an object of the present invention to produce a viscose fiber having significantly more affinity for both reactive and direct dyes and differing positively from standard fiber in desired performance characteristics too.
This object is surprisingly achieved by admixture to a viscose dope, cellulose solution or alkali cellulose of starch derivatives highly substituted with amino-containing compounds and subsequent spinning.
The present invention accordingly provides aminated regenerated cellulose fiber obtained by adding one or more starches etherified with C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkylolamines which may additionally be substituted in the alkyl moiety by 1 to 2 further hydroxyl and methoxy groups and whose amino group is a primary or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl-substituted secondary, tertiary or quaternary amino or ammonium group and having a degree of substitution between 0.1 and 3, preferably 0.11 to 2, in particular 0.2 to 1, to a viscose dope, an alkali cellulose or a cellulose solution and spinning fiber therefrom.
The etherified starch derivatives have a degree of substitution between 0.1 and 3. A degree of substitution of 3 means that every one of the three free OH groups in every glucose unit is etherified. A degree of substitution of 0.1 means that, on average, every tenth glucose unit has one etherified OH group.
Starches having a degree of substitution of about 0.05 are known per se (Houben-Weyl, 1987, Vol. E 20, part 3, pages 2135-2151), but starches having a degree of substitution of 0.1 or higher have not been described before.
The present invention therefore also provides above-described alkylamino-etherified starch derivatives having a degree of substitution between 0.1 and 3, preferably 0.11 to 2.
Preference for the purpose of the present invention is given to those starch ethers whose ether group has the formula --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.x --NR.sub.2, --O--CH.sub.2 --CHOH--CH.sub.2 --NR.sub.2, --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.x --SO.sub.2 --(CH.sub.2).sub.y --NR.sub.2, --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.x --SO.sub.2 --(CH.sub.2).sub.y --NR.sup..sym..sub.3 A.sup..crclbar., --O--(CH.sub.2).sub.x --.sup..sym. NR.sub.3 A.sup..crclbar. or --O--CH.sub.2 --CHOH--CH.sub.2 --NR.sup..sym..sub.3 A.sup..crclbar., where x and y are each 2 or 3, the R radicals are identical or different and each denote hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and A is an anion, preferab
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Huber Bernd
Schrell Andreas
DyStar Textilfarben GmbH & Co. Deutschland KG
Kunz Gary L.
White Everett
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