Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – Specific organic component
Reexamination Certificate
2000-08-11
2002-08-13
Boyer, Charles (Department: 1751)
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
Specific organic component
C510S276000, C510S499000, C510S500000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06432909
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to dye complexing polymers, and, more particularly, to water soluble poly(isopropenylpyridine) betaines containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt or carboxylic acid group. The polymers herein have effective dye complexing properties for use, for example, laundry detergent and fabric softener compositions.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Dye complexing polymers have been used in laundry detergent and fabric softener compositions. In such application, during washing a mixture of colored and white fabrics, some of the dyes may bleed out of a colored fabric under washing conditions. The degree of bleeding is influenced by the structure of the dye, the type of cloth and the pH, temperature and mechanical efficiency of the agitation process. The bled dye in the wash liquor can be totally innocuous and get washed off in the wash liquor. However, in reality, this fugitive dye has a tendency to redeposit, either onto the same fabric or onto another fabric leading to patches and an ugly appearance of the washed material. This redeposition of the bled dye can be inhibited in several ways. One method is to introduce compounds which can complex with the fugitive dye and get washed off thus preventing redeposition.
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), by virtue of its dye complexation ability, has been used to inhibit dye deposition during washing of colored fabrics under laundry conditions. The performance of PVP as a DTI, however, is adversely affected by the presence of anionic surfactants in the washing process.
Other polymers which have been used as DTIs in laundry detergent compositions include polyvinylpyridine N-oxide (PVPNO); polyvinylimidazole (PVI) and copolymers of polyvinylpyridine and polyvinylimidazole (PVP-PVI).
U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,776,879; 5,929,175; 5,8619,442; 5,863,880, assigned to the same assignee as herein are related to this invention.
The other prior art in this field is represented by the following patents and publications:
Patent
Subject Matter
(1)
JP 53-50732
Formulas Nos. 3, 6 and (1) are water
insoluble compounds and polymers used
in printing ink compositions;
(2)
PCT/US94/06849
Dye inhibiting composition polymers of
WO 95/03390
PVP, polyamine N-oxide, vinyl-
imidazole are used in laundry detergent
compositions;
(3)
U.S. Pat. No. 5,460,752
Polyamine N-oxide polymers described
for use in laundry detergent
compositions;
(4)
EPA 664335 A1
Polysulfoxide polymers;
(5)
PCT/US93/10542
Laundry compositions include
WO 94/11473
polyamine-N-oxide and brighteners
and surfactants;
(6)
PCT/EP93/02851
PVP and PVI are present in laundry
WO 94/10281
compositions;
(7)
PCT/US94/11509
Poly(4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide) (PVNO)
WO 95/13354
and copolymers of VP and VI are
described;
(8)
EP 754748 A1
Vinylpyridine copolymers and formic
acid;
(9)
066433 A1
Polyamine oxide polymers;
(10)
U.S. Pat. No. 5,604,197
PVPNO + clay softening;
(11)
U.S. Pat. No. 5,458,809
PVPNO;
(12)
U.S. Pat. No. 5,466,802
PVPNO and PVP-VI;
(13)
U.S. Pat. No. 5,627,151
Copolymers of VP or VI; vinylpyridine
or dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate or
dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide,
including up to 20% vinylacetate;
(14)
PCT/US95/04019
PVPNO, PVP, PVP-PI and copolymers
WO 95/27038
of VP and VI;
(15)
EPA 628624 A1
PVPNO with protease;
(16)
DE 4224762 A1
VP polymers;
(17)
J. Polymer
Water-insoluble poly(4-vinylpyridine)
Sci. 26,
compounds and polymers
No. 113, p.
25-254 (1957)
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide new and improved water soluble dye complexing polymers.
Another object herein is to provide water soluble dye complexing polymers which are effective in laundry detergent compositions containing an anionic surfactant.
A feature of the invention is the provision of a water soluble poly(isopropenylpyridine) betaine containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt or carboxylic acid group.
Another feature of the invention is the provision of laundry detergent compositions containing such new and improved water soluble polymers, which exhibit color stability during storage, and particularly effective dye complexing properties during the washing process even in the presence of anionic surfactants.
Among the other objects and features of the invention is to provide such polymers having dye complexing properties useful in fabric softener and textile dye treatment compositions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
What is described herein is a water soluble poly(isopropenylpyridine betaine) polymer which contains a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt or carboxylic acid group. The polymer has the formula:
where m is indicative of the degree of polymerization;
X is an anion;
R
1
and R
2
are independently hydrogen, alkyl or aryl;
R
3
and R
4
are independently hydrogen or alkyl, with the proviso that at least one is alkyl;
n is 1-5;
M is a cation or H; and
S and T are each independently hydrogen or alkyl.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are polymers in which X is a halide; most preferably chloride or bromide; R
1
and R
2
are both hydrogen; R
3
is alkyl, preferably methyl and R
4
is hydrogen, n is 1; M is an alkali metal or H; preferably sodium or potassium; and the polymer is 25-100% quaternized; most preferably 75-100%; and S and T are both hydrogen.
A preferred polymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000 to 1,000,000; preferably 20,000 to 200,000, where m is about 30-5000, preferably 100-1000. Water soluble copolymers of the defined polymer above with polymerizable comonomers, such as vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl imidazole, acrylamide and vinyllcaprolactam also are useful herein.
The polymers of the invention have effective dye complexing properties for use in laundry detergent compositions which include at least 1% by weight of an anionic, cationic or non-ionic surfactant or mixtures thereof.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the invention, there is described herein a water soluble poly(isopropenylpyridine) betaine containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt or carboxylic acid group. This polymer has dye complexing properties, particularly for use in laundry applications, having the formula:
where m is indicative of the degree of polymerization;
X is an anion;
R
1
and R
2
are independently hydrogen, alkyl or aryl;
R
3
and R
4
are independently hydrogen or alkyl with the proviso that at least one is alkyl;
n is 1-5;
M is a cation or H; and
S and T are independently hydrogen or alkyl.
Preferred embodiments of the invention are polymers in which X is a halide; most preferably chloride or bromide; R
1
and R
2
are both hydrogen; R
3
is alkyl, preferably methyl and R
4
is hydrogen; n is 1; M is an alkali metal or H; preferably sodium or potassium; and the polymer is 25-100% quaternized; most preferably 75-100%; and S and T are both hydrogen.
A preferred polymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000 to 1,000,000; preferably 20,000 to 200,000, where m is about 30-5000, preferably 100-1000. Water soluble copolymers of the defined polymer above with polymerizable comonomers, such as vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl caprolactam, vinyl imidazole, N-vinyl formamide, and acrylamide also are useful herein.
A preferred use of the polymer and copolymers herein is in laundry detergent compositions which includes about. 0.01-10% of the polymer or copolymer, which will provide about 2-1000 ppm of the polymer or copolymer during laundry use.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the water soluble polymers of the invention are made by polymerizing a suitable isopropenylpyridine under suitable polymerization conditions to form a poly(isopropenylpyridine) intermediate, and then reacting the intermediate polymer with sodium chloroacetate in an aqueous medium. The reaction product is a poly(isopropenylpyridine) betaine polymer containing a quaternary nitrogen and a carboxylate salt or carboxylic acid group.
In the polymerization step, which may be solution, precipitation or emulsion polymerization, any suitable solventlimay be used, for example, an alcohol,
Drzewinski Michael A.
Graham David E.
Shih Jenn S.
Srinivas Bala
Boyer Charles
Davis William J.
ISP Investments Inc.
Katz Walter
Maue Marilyn J.
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