Hydraulic and earth engineering – Fluid control – treatment – or containment
Patent
1994-06-08
1997-04-29
Taylor, Dennis L.
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Fluid control, treatment, or containment
521695, 5216914, 405 36, 405 43, 405 45, E02B 1100, E02B 1300
Patent
active
056242042
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The subject of the present invention is a block of juxtaposed sheets and a water-retention reservoir structure formed by a set of these blocks and intended for various uses, for example as a buried tank for retaining rainwater during very heavy rain, this structure then being connected to a water inlet and outlet collector system.
As is known, the continuous development of urban conglomerations results in an increase in areas of impermeable ground. In particular, car parks (for shopping centres, airports, leisure parks, etc.) and urban roadways are generally impermeable areas or nearly so, from which rainwater rapidly runs off towards the drainage systems. This impermeability prevents direct infiltration of rainwater. The result is that, during very heavy downpours, such as those which happen during storms, collectors designed for relatively low flow rates may be saturated and flooding in urban areas may occur.
Another consequence of this overloading of the water drainage systems (case of combined sewerage) is the direct discharge of polluted water into the receiving watercourse through the storm-water overflows, which may have particularly disastrous effects on the ecosystem.
When the inadequacy is limited to certain sections of the system, reinforcements are possible, but when it is the entire system which approaches saturation, it is necessary to find novel solutions, the reinforcement of one section possibly leading to a downstream spill-over. In order to face up to these problems, it is necessary either to delay considerably the flow-away (several hours being sometimes necessary), or to prevent any flow (by infiltration of the rainwater, for example), or even to combine these two solutions. This is possible by means of a temporary retention of the rainwater by retention tanks in the form of underground reservoirs.
Constructions, such as car parks, roadways, sports grounds, etc., integrating the storage of rainwater in a porous material into their structure, form part of these solutions and are called "reservoir structures". In this case, the porous material possesses at least two, hydraulic and mechanical, functions, and is generally located beneath the level of the natural terrain. This enables the surface water to be easily collected therein.
A buried water-retention reservoir structure is thus known from WO-A-88/00422, in which the upper part is constituted by a structure having mutually parallel vertical cells, resting on a lower part for horizontal drainage of the water, this lower part being formed, for example, by a gravel/sand mixture or by a porous material.
Such a reservoir structure takes a long time to install and furthermore requires heavy implementation means, so that it is very expensive to realize. In addition, its lower drainage structure may, after a certain time, be blocked by the accumulation of sand entrained by the water, and thereby render the entire structure inoperational.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to propose a reservoir structure which is simple and rapid to put into place, the cost of which is therefore considerably reduced compared to that of the above known structure, and which cannot be blocked by sand or debris.
In accordance with the invention, the block of juxtaposed identical sheets, which is intended for a water-retention reservoir structure, is characterized in that the sheets are profiled so as to delimit between them a set of longitudinal cells or channels and of transverse cells or channels which establish communication between the longitudinal cells, the latter being open at their opposite ends.
In such a block, arranged so that the longitudinal cells extend vertically, the water may penetrate via the horizontal cells and then progressively fill the vertical cells.
The reservoir structure according to the invention comprises at least one layer of such juxtaposed blocks which are arranged so that the longitudinal cells extend vertically for the storage of the water, and so that the transverse cells ext
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Hamon Industrie Thermique
Taylor Dennis L.
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