Compositions – Electrolytes for electrical devices
Patent
1980-07-14
1982-09-07
Willis, Jr., P. E.
Compositions
Electrolytes for electrical devices
252 92, 252 94, 252 95, 252 99, 252174, C11D 1700, C11D 754
Patent
active
043482937
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to detergent products which are suitable for fabric washing and which contain detergent compositions in particulate form.
BACKGROUND ART
Although the marketing of particulate detergent compositions packaged in cartons is common practice, this imposes constraints both on their formulation and methods of production. For example the compositions must be free flowing and have an attractive appearance to the consumer, and the ingredients should not segregate during transport and storage. The products must also be safe, both for contact with the skin and in the event of accidental ingestion; in particular, the compositions should not contain too high a level of alkaline materials, although alkalinity is beneficial for detergent properties.
When using washing machines which have a rotating drum in which the fabrics are placed, there can also be substantial losses of conventionally dosed detergent powder by retention in the dispenser and by its accumulation in the dead spaces beneath the drum, such as the drain hose.
It has been proposed previously to market powdered detergent compositions in packages, each of which contain suitable amounts of the detergent powders for individual washes under standard washing conditions. In particular, from British Pat. No. 1,298,454 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,198,740 the detergent powders can be contained within bags of water-permeable or water-soluble materials, such as soluble polyvinyl alcohol, but such packages have not yet met with much commercial success. One of the reasons for this, in the case of water-soluble bags, is the sensitivity to moisture which leads to storage difficulties. In the case of water-permeable materials, one of the reasons is the difficulty of making the bags sufficiently permeable to water in use so that the contents of the bags are rapidly dissolved out into the wash liquor, and yet reducing dusting of the detergent powder out of the bags during transport and manual handling to an acceptable level. Also, some detergent compositions, in particular bleach-containing compositions, cause inacceptable degradation of the bag material.
Canadian Patent No. 901 244 discloses a bag for insecticide powders, the bag being formed of a water-soluble film reinforced with a net of water-insoluble thermoplastic material.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention there is provided a detergent product comprising a particulate detergent composition contained within a closed water-insoluble, water-permeable bag formed of sheet material, a layer of water-soluble or removable water-insoluble material protecting the bag material from the detergent composition. By using this form of construction for the bag, it is possible to protect the bag material during storage and to prevent undue dusting of the composition through the bags and yet the porosity of the water-insoluble sheet material can be high enough to quickly release all of the contents of the bag as soon as the water-soluble layer is dissolved or the water-insoluble layer is removed in use. It is possible to use a relatively open water-insoluble sheet material for the bag, as dusting of the detergent composition through the pores is reduced or prevented by the water-soluble or removable water-insoluble layer. Moreover, it is possible to form the bags of material which can be readily heat-sealed, which facilitates manufacture.
BEST MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The bags are formed with a water-insoluble sheet material which can be formed of paper or of woven, knitted or non-woven fabric, provided that each of these should be water-insoluble and water-permeable. If the bags are to be used for detergent powder which contains a bleaching agent, for example sodium perborate or sodium percarbonate, it is also desirable to form the bags of sheet material made from oxidation-resistant fibres.
A suitable sheet material for forming the bags is water-permeable paper or non-woven fabric of high wet strength, weighing about 5 to 100, preferably 10 to 60 g/m.sup.2, especi
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Clarke David E.
Davies James F.
Tune John B.
Farrell James J.
Lever Brothers Company
Willis, Jr. P. E.
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