Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Bleach for live hair or skin
Reexamination Certificate
1999-12-22
2001-11-13
Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Bleach for live hair or skin
C424S070100, C424S070190, C424S070210, C424S070220, C424S070270, C424S070310, C008S405000, C008S406000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06315989
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention is in the field of peroxide compositions for use in lightening or coloring hair, and methods for lightening or coloring hair using the composition.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A large majority of women color their hair, either to cover gray or permanently change hair color. Permanent change in hair color may be obtained by oxidative dyes or bleaching. Oxidative hair dyes are widely used since they provide permanent color to hair, generally lasting from four to six weeks. Oxidative hair dyes are usually sold in the form of a two component kit. In one container is an aqueous alkaline composition in the liquid or creme form that contains oxidative colorant precursors in addition to other ingredients. In the other container is a developer solution that contains an oxidizing agent, usually hydrogen peroxide. The two components are mixed immediately prior to use and applied to hair. The dye precursors in the lotion then penetrate the hair, and the oxidizing agent oxidizes the dye precursors to produce color in the hair, as well as lightening the melanin in the hair. The mixture is left on the hair for an appropriate period of time, generally 20 to 60 minutes, then rinsed off with water.
Most consumers complain that a hair color process that takes 20 to 60 minutes is too long. It is estimated that if oxidative dyeing and bleaching of hair were a 5 to 10 minute process, more consumers would be inclined to color their hair. Certain commercial products exist that advertise 5 to 10 minute color, but these systems are not capable of permanently lightening hair, or causing a permanent color change to hair. Thus, the current commercial products have limited usefulness.
Accordingly, there is a need for providing compositions and processes for oxidative dyeing and/or bleaching of hair that enables permanent coloration of hair in 5 to 10 minutes. The coloring will include covering gray as well as providing permanent color change to the hair.
Microemulsions are used in cosmetics such as skin care emulsions, hair care products and the like. Microemulsions refer to oil in water, or water in oil, emulsions where the dispersed phase droplets are of a much smaller size than usual, e.g. submicron size. Thus the name, microemulsion.
It has most unexpectedly been discovered that when peroxide compositions used in bleaching or oxidative dyeing of hair are in the form of water in oil microemulsions, the amount of time necessary to color the hair is substantially reduced.
It is an object of the invention to provide a peroxide composition in the microemulsion form, in particular a water in oil microemulsion, for use in bleaching or oxidative dyeing of hair.
It is another object of the invention to provide a peroxide composition for use in a five to ten minute process for bleaching or oxidative dyeing of hair.
It is another object of the invention to provide a method for oxidative dyeing and/or bleaching of hair in five to ten minutes.
It is another object of the invention to provide an oxidative hair dye or bleach composition, mixed immediately prior to use, that is in the microemulsion form.
It is another object of the invention to provide a method for reducing the amount of time necessary to permanently lighten and/or color hair (usually about 20 to 60 minutes) by using peroxide compositions in the microemulsion form.
It is another object of the invention to provide a method for permanently lightening and/or coloring hair with a microemulsion composition comprised of a mixture of peroxide composition in the water in oil microemulsion form, and an alkaline composition, wherein the presence of dispersed microdroplets facilitates the increased penetration of the active ingredients into the hair shaft, and thereby reduces the amount of time necessary to achieve lightening or permanent coloration of the hair.
It is another object of the invention to provide a method for oxidative dyeing of hair with a water in oil microemulsion composition comprised of a mixture of water in oil microemulsion peroxide and oxidative hair dye, wherein the presence of the dispersed microdroplets causes increased penetration of the active ingredients, e.g. the oxidative dye intermediates and the oxidizing agent, into the hair shaft, and thereby decreasing the amount of time necessary to achieve full coloration of the hair.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention comprises a water in oil microemulsion peroxide composition for coloring or lightening hair comprising:
(a) 1-99% of an aqueous phase in the form of dispersed microdroplets having a droplet size of 100 to 1500 Angstroms,
(b) 0.1-75% of a continuous oil phase; and
(c) 1-65% of an organic, surface active ingredient capable of interacting with the water phase and the oil phase to cause formation of the dispersed aqueous phase microdroplets, all percentages by weight of the total composition.
The invention also comprises a method for coloring or lightening hair comprising the steps of:
(a) combining, immediately prior to use,
(1) an aqueous alkaline composition comprising at least one interactive surfactant; and
(2) a peroxide composition for coloring or lightening hair comprising, by weight of the total composition:
(a) 1-99% of an aqueous phase in the form of dispersed microdroplets having a droplet size of 100 to 1500 Angstroms,
(b) 0.1-75% of a continuous oil phase; and
(c) 1-65% of an organic, surface active ingredient capable of interacting with the water phase and the oil phase to cause formation of the dispersed aqueous phase microdroplets, all percentages by weight of the total composition.
(b) applying said mixture of (1) and (2) to the hair to cause coloration of the hair.
The invention further comprises a method for reducing the amount of time required to permanently color hair, comprising treating the hair with a mixture of a water in oil microemulsion peroxide composition and an oxidative dye composition containing an interactive surfactant.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
All percentages mentioned herein are percentages by weight unless otherwise indicated. The compositions and methods of the invention are capable of coloring or lightening hair or both.
I. THE PEROXIDE COMPOSITION
The peroxide composition comprises a water phase, an oil phase, and an organic, surface active ingredient capable of interacting with the water phase and the oil phase to cause formation of dispersed aqueous phase microdroplets having a droplet size of 100 to 1500 Angstroms.
A. The Aqueous Phase
The composition of the invention comprises 1-99%, preferably, 5-65%, more preferably 10-50% by weight of the total peroxide composition of an aqueous phase in the form of dispersed microdroplets having a droplet size of 100 to 1500 Angstroms, preferably 200 to 1000 Angstroms, more preferably 250 to 700 Angstroms. The aqueous phase contains water and hydrogen peroxide, and, preferably, one or more penetration enhancers, in addition to other desirable water soluble polar ingredients. A variety of ingredients are suitable for use in the aqueous phase provided such ingredients are water soluble.
1. Water
The peroxide composition comprises, by total weight of the peroxide composition, about 1-55%, preferably 1-50%, more preferably 1-45% water.
2. Hydrogen Peroxide
The peroxide composition further comprises about 1-45%, preferably 1-40%, more preferably 1-35% by weight of the total peroxide composition of hydrogen peroxide.
3. Penetration Enhancers
The peroxide composition preferably comprises, 0.1-55%, preferably 0.5-50%, more preferably 1-45% by weight of the total peroxide composition of a penetration enhancer, which is an ingredient which is soluble in the aqueous phase and interacts with the other aqueous phase ingredients to enhance penetration of the hydrogen peroxide into the hair shaft, usually by softening the hair fiber and exerting a plasticizing effect. Particularly preferred penetration enhancers are dihydric, or polyhydric alcohols, as well as sugars and other types of humectants. Suitable sugars include glucose, fructose, mannose, mannitol, malitol, lactitol, inosit
Chan Alexander C.
Duffer Dalal Ibrahim
Hawkins Geoffrey Robert
Narasimhan Saroja
Blackburn Julie
Page Thurman K.
Revlon Consumer Products Corporation
Seidleck Brian K.
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