Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
Reexamination Certificate
1998-06-18
2001-11-27
Morris, Terrel (Department: 1771)
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
Processes of preparing a desired or intentional composition...
C524S505000, C106S031260, C106S031270, C260SDIG031
Reexamination Certificate
active
06323258
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to inks, and in particular aqueous inks comprising water insoluble dyes.
2. Description of Related Art
Dyes in some aspects are superior to pigments in ink jet inks for a number of well-known reasons. Pigment particles are about a million times larger than dye molecules. Pigment based inks are, basically, finely ground particles suspended in a transfer medium. The much smaller dye molecules may, under the appropriate conditions, dissolve in a medium as compared with mere physical suspension. It is well known that, owing to its molecular characteristics, dye produces colors spanning a broader range, colors which are truer or otherwise more reproducible, and colors of greater strength. However, water soluble dyes smear and fade after printing. Smearing and fading are, in most applications, highly undesirable characteristics and present severe limitations on the usefulness of dye inks in everyday printer use.
What is still needed is one or more water insoluble dyes dissolved in an aqueous-based ink vehicle. This dye-based ink would enable a greatly expanded range of water-fast, non-smearing, highly saturated colors with high reproduceability and long shelf life. The ink composition of the present invention is useful in ink jet printing, enabling color consistency over a broad range and suitable, owing to non-smearing and non-fading properties, for archival purposes.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention taught herein provides a homogeneous ink-vehicle system comprising a water insoluble dye, a coupling/dispersive agent (CDA), and an aqueous vehicle. The invention further provides a coupling - dispersive agent associated at a first molecular site or a region with a water insoluble dye, and said agent is associated at a second site or region with water.
Ink is made by dissolving dye in solvent, then adding the coupling/dispersive agent. The dye interacts first with the coupling/dispersive agent. After the dye has interacted with the dispersant, water is added to the dye solution. The coupling/dispersive agent having a hydrophilic molecular site or region then interacts with water. This association of the coupling/dispersive agent with, as to one functional group or reactive site or region, the dye, and as to another, the water, results in the dissolution of the water-insoluble dye in water. Ink provided by and according to the invention taught herein is suitable for use in many printer types and will adhere upon drying to most cellulose based papers. Once dry upon a medium such as paper or organic polymer, the ink, even if re-wetted, will not smear possibly because the coupling/dispersive agent evaporates or migrates away as the ink dries and the dried ink, without the coupling/dispersive agent, is insoluble in water.
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Lin An-Chung Robert
Tom Howard S.
Guarriello John
Hewlett--Packard Company
Morris Terrel
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