Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Live hair or scalp treating compositions – Two or more designated surfactant containing
Reexamination Certificate
1999-12-07
2002-02-19
Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Live hair or scalp treating compositions
Two or more designated surfactant containing
C424S070100, C424S070600, C424S070110, C424S070120, C424S070130, C424S070150, C424S070160, C424S070210, C424S070220, C424S070230, C424S070240, C424S070310
Reexamination Certificate
active
06348188
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to washing compositions. More particularly the invention relates to washing compositions which contain a cationic polymer and a suspended particulate agent, and which provide enhanced deposition and delivery of the suspended particulate agent. Such washing compositions include compositions for washing hair or skin, such as hair shampoos and conditioners, body shampoos, shower gels, facial washing compositions and bath foams.
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART
Difficulties arise in achieving effective deposition of suspended particulate agents, such as conditioning agents, onto a surface such as skin or hair when the agent is delivered by means of incorporation into rinse-off compositions, typically hair and body shampoos, conditioners and the like. Frequently, such suspended particulate agents are preferentially rinsed away from the intended site of deposition, rather than being deposited thereat.
Cationic deposition polymers are known to enhance deposition of certain components from shampoos and other personal cleansing compositions. For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,037,818 and 5,085,857 describe the use of cationic guar gum to enhance the deposition of particulate antimicrobials and insoluble silicone respectively. Deposition polymers have also been proposed to enhance the deposition of sunscreen materials from a shampoo composition. In EP 386 898 a cationic polygalactomannan gum derivative is used. WO 95/22311 describes the use of certain cationic polyacrylamide polymers to increase the deposition of conditioning agents which include silicones, fats and oils, waxes, hydrocarbons, fatty acids and fatty alcohols, lipids, vitamins and sunscreens. WO97/48378 is directed to a process for preparing liquid personal cleansing compositions which provide enhanced deposition of a volatile perfume. The process involves forming a premix comprised of a cationic polymer, a volatile perfume and water, and then adding the premix to a personal cleansing base composition containing an anionic surfactant. In this process, it is believed that the volatile perfume becomes physically entrapped within coacervates or ion-pairs formed between the cationic polymer and the anionic surfactant present in the composition.
A problem associated with cationic polymer aided deposition of materials is that although the cationic polymers are effective deposition aids for a wide variety of materials (as can be seen from the art above), they tend to be indiscriminate in what they deposit. It is thought that this indiscriminacy is due to the physical entrapment mechanism postulated in WO97/48378. This reduces the efficiency of deposition of the ingredients it is desired to deposit (e.g. conditioning agents such as silicone) and can also lead to dulling of the hair through excessive build-up.
The present inventors have found that this problem can be solved by preadsorbing the cationic polymer onto the particular suspended particulate agent which it is desired to deposit. Surprisingly, the adsorbates so formed are stable towards the presence of surfactant.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a washing composition comprising, in an aqueous carrier:
a) at least one detersive surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants which have been altered to have a negative charge, and mixtures thereof, and
b) a suspended particulate agent having a cationic deposition polymer adsorbed thereon;
in which the proportion of cationic polymer adsorbed to the suspended particulate agent is at least 5% by weight based on the total weight of cationic polymer present in the composition.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a process for preparing a washing composition as defined above, which process comprises the steps of;
(i) adsorbing the cationic deposition polymer onto the suspended particulate agent, and
(ii) blending the adsorbate so obtained with a base washing composition comprising, in an aqueous carrier, the at least one detersive surfactant as described above.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION AND PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
(I) Detersive Surfactant
The washing compositions of the invention contain at least one detersive surfactant selected from the group consisting of anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants which have been altered to have a negative charge, and mixtures thereof.
Anionic Surfactant
Suitable anionic surfactants for washing compositions of the invention include the alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates, alkaryl sulphonates, alkanoyl isethionates, alkyl succinates, alkyl sulphosuccinates, N-alkoyl sarcosinates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, alkyl ether carboxylates, alpha-olefin sulphonates and acyl methyl taurates, especially their sodium, magnesium ammonium and mono-, di- and triethanolamine salts. The alkyl and acyl groups generally contain from 8 to 18 carbon atoms and may be unsaturated. The alkyl ether sulphates, alkyl ether phosphates and alkyl ether carboxylates may contain from one to 10 ethylene oxide or propylene oxide units per molecule, and preferably contain 2 to 3 ethylene oxide units per molecule.
Examples of suitable anionics include sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium lauryl ether sulphate, ammonium lauryl sulphosuccinate, ammonium lauryl sulphate, ammonium lauryl ether sulphate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate, triethanolamine dodecylbenzene sulphonate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, and sodium N-lauryl sarcosinate.
Amphoteric Surfactant
An amphoteric surfactant which has been altered to have a negative charge can be used in the washing composition of the invention instead of the anionic surfactant or in combination with the anionic surfactant. The charge of the amohoteric surfactant can be altered by conventional means, for example, by adjusting the pH of a surfactant solution containing the amphoteric surfactant.
Amohoteric surfactants suitable for use in compositions of the invention may include alkyl amine oxides, alkyl betaines, alkyl amidopropyl betaines, alkyl sulphobetaines (sultaines), alkyl glycinates, alkyl carboxyglycinates, alkyl amphopropionates, alkylamphoglycinates and alkyl amidopropyl hydroxysultaines. Examples include lauryl amine oxide, cocodimethyl sulphopropyl betaine and preferably lauryl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine and sodium cocamphopropionate.
The level of anionic or negatively-charged amphoteric surfactant in washing compositions of the invention is generally from 3 to 50%, preferably from 3 to 30%, more preferably from 5% to 20% by weight of the total composition. The anionic or negatively charged amphoteric surfactant may be used in combination with other natural or synthetic co-surfactants. The optional co-surfactant is typically selected from the group consisting of: nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, cationic surfactants and mixtures thereof.
Further surfactant may also be present as emulsifier for emulsified components of the washing composition, e.g. emulsified particles of silicone. This may be the same surfactant as the detersive surfactant, or may be different.
Suitable emulsifying surfactants are well known in the art and include anionic and nonionic surfactants. Examples of anionic surfactants used as emulsifiers for materials such as silicone particles are alkylarylsulphonates, e.g., sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate, alkyl sulphates e.g., sodium lauryl sulphate, alkyl ether sulphates, e.g., sodium lauryl ether sulphate nEO, where n is from 1 to 20 alkylphenol ether sulphates, e.g., octylphenol ether sulphate nEO where n is from 1 to 20, and sulphosuccinates, e.g., sodium dioctylsulphosuccinate.
Examples of nonionic surfactants used as emulsifiers for materials such as silicone particles are alkylphenol ethoxylates, e.g., nonylphenol ethoxylate nEO, where n is from 1 to 50, alcohol ethoxylates, e.g., lauryl alcohol nEO, where n is from 1 to 50, ester ethoxylates, e.g., polyoxyethylene monostearate where the number of oxyethylene units is from 1 to 30.
The total level of surfactant in washing compositions of the
Eccleson Graham Charles
Fairley Peter
Lam Stanley
Boxer Matthew
Page Thurman K.
Sheikh Humera N.
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA
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