Electricity: electrical systems and devices – Safety and protection of systems and devices – High voltage dissipation
Patent
1975-12-29
1977-07-19
Miller, J D
Electricity: electrical systems and devices
Safety and protection of systems and devices
High voltage dissipation
361117, 313217, 3132311, H02H 322
Patent
active
040372669
ABSTRACT:
Electrical equipment, such as telephone station apparatus, exposed to occasional, destructively high, voltage surges (e.g., lightning strikes) is protected by a device, placed in parallel with the equipment, including two electrodes defining a fixed narrow spark gap which breaks down (arcs over) to short the voltage surge to ground. The predominant failure mode of such devices is shorting across the narrow gap, due to electrode damage produced during the protective arcing mode. In the disclosed devices, the electrodes are contoured to define a narrow region, determining the protective breakdown voltage, and a wider region, sustaining the major part of the electrode damage. Shortly after the initiation of the protective discharge in the narrow gap region, the discharge moves into the wider gap region. Since the major portion of electrode damage is sustained by the wider gap region of the electrodes, the incidence of shorting failure is suppressed. An exemplary electrode profile includes a flat central region and a surrounding tapered region.
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English John Hershel
Griffiths James Edward
Zuk Paul
Bell Telephone Laboratories Incorporated
Friedman Allen N.
Miller J D
Salce Patrick R.
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