Electricity: single generator systems – Automatic control of generator or driving means – Plural conditions
Patent
1990-11-16
1992-09-01
Hickey, R. J.
Electricity: single generator systems
Automatic control of generator or driving means
Plural conditions
322 27, 322 28, 322 73, H02J 724
Patent
active
051442191
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention is directed to a voltage regulator for a generator.
Voltage regulators for three phase generators should, if possible, be usable for all generator sizes. This requires more extensive changes of their characteristic curves than was previously the case. Since digital regulator concepts which allow selection of desired regulator characteristic curves by "characteristic diagram regulation" are not only costly but also require at least a support capacitor, i.e. which must be directly connectable to the generator terminals, it is necessary to improve analog regulators by an integral component.
Regulators having an integral component for correcting their characteristic curves are superior to regulators which work in purely proportional manner U.S. Pat. No. 4,661,760 describes a regulator with an integral component which is produced by a measurement resistor in the load circuit. This is a very expensive solution due to the measurement resistor for high currents and the required conductors.
On the other hand, the solution described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,555,657 and in U.S. Pat. No. 4,590,414 makes due without the expensive measurement resistor by determining the relative turn-on period of the exciting current as a substitute variable present at the regulator itself
Moreover, a regulator having a nonlinear integral component is known from WO 88/01110.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In contrast, the voltage regulator, according to the invention, with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage on the one hand that it is extremely simple with sufficient effect and on the other hand that deviations of the regulator characteristic line from the ideal curve with respect to speed and load can be corrected in a favorable manner by them with moderate expenditure on switching means--assuming a correct design.
There are various possibilities for showing the required correction functions K, i.e. currents and/or voltages which are to be coupled in at suitable places on the actual value side or reference side of the regulated system while taking into account their phase relation:
For example, a different evaluation of the exciting current during the current flow in the two partial periods for forming the correction function can be shown in that, by means of a circuit which is controllable synchronously relative to the cycle of the voltage regulator, the measurement resistor in the exciting circuit is allotted a resistance value during the current flow through the exciting field and the controlled semiconductor switch which is different than the resistance value during the current flow through the exciting field and the recovery diode, or advantageously in that the signal voltage tapped at the measurement resistor located in the exciting field for determining the field current is assigned a different output value during the current flow through the exciting field and the controlled semiconductor switch than during the current flow through the exciting field and the recovery diode by means of a circuit for dividing the voltage or current, which circuit is controllable synchronously with the cycle of the voltage regulator.
The measurement resistance in the exciting circuit is an extra component of the circuit. In monolithic integrated regulators, on the other hand, a measurement resistor can be used advantageously in the collector circuit of the controlled semiconductor switch and in the circuit of the recovery diode, in each instance, since already existing line sections such as the coating of metallization of a collector or emitter finger or of the anode or cathode finger of a cell are suitable for this purpose. The measurement resistors can have identical or different resistance values. The simplest solution provides for the connection of the low end of the reference voltage not to ground, but to the "hot" end of an emitter resistor, so that there results, as will be shown in the following, a correction function y=ax.sup.2, i.e. an increase in the actual value chiefly in the area of large currents.
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REFERENCES:
patent: 3868558 (1975-02-01), Winkley et al.
patent: 4486702 (1984-12-01), Edwards
patent: 4555657 (1985-11-01), Kato et al.
patent: 5013996 (1991-05-01), Conzelmann et al.
Conzelmann Gerhard
Kohl Walter
Nagel Karl
Hickey R. J.
Robert & Bosch GmbH
Striker Michael J.
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