Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Baits – attractants – or lures
Reexamination Certificate
1997-07-28
2001-02-20
Pak, John (Department: 1616)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Baits, attractants, or lures
C514S023000, C514S053000, C514S054000, C514S075000, C514S478000, C514S531000, C514S634000, C514S675000, C514S690000, C514S699000, C514S739000, C426S001000, C424S195110
Reexamination Certificate
active
06190652
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to attractants for both male and female adult Lepidopteran insects, particularly the cabbage looper, soybean looper, tobacco budworm, tobacco hornworm, and tomato hornworm.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Insects of the order Lepidoptera encompass a large number of pests responsible for substantial crop losses, reduced crop quality, and high production costs worldwide. Presently, the available monitoring systems and attracticidal baits for the majority of these pests utilize sex pheromones that are attractive to only one sex, usually the nonproductive male.
Recently, flowers of the Japanese honeysuckle,
Lonicera japonica,
were recognized as important ovipositional hosts of two important species of Lepidoptera, the tobacco budworm,
Heliothis virescens,
and the corn earworm,
Helicovexpa zea
(Pair, 1994, Environ. Entomol., 23(4):906-911). The chemistry of various Lonicera species has been partially described in several previous reports. Wu and Fang (1981, Acta Chemica Sinica, 38:573-579) analyzed the essential oil from flowers of
L. japonica,
and reported that linalool and linalool oxide C were the major identified constituents, and that pinene, 1-hexene, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, &agr;-terpineol, geraniol, benzyl alcohol, &bgr;-phenylethanol, carvacol, eugenol, and some substituted furans were present in lesser amounts. In studies of pheromones and volatile honeysuckle attractants for the honeysuckle aphid, Hedin et al. (1991, J. Agric. Food Chem., 39:1304-1306) analyzed hexane-extractable volatiles from leaves and flowers of
Lonicera species.
Methyl esters, two ketones, seven alcohols, and three terpenoids (&Dgr;-carene, (E)-&bgr;-faresene, and (E,E)-farnesol) were identified in the plant samples.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
We have discovered that volatiles from the flowers of the Japanese honeysuckle (
Lonicera japonica
) are effective attractants for a variety of agronomically important adult Lepidoptera. Even more surprising, we have found that cis-jasmone, used alone or in combination with other Japanese honeysuckle flower volatiles, particularly linalool and/or phenylacetaldehyde, is effective for attracting these insects. The volatiles may be optionally used in combination with other agents including one or more of Lepidopteran pheromones, feeding stimulants, or insect toxicants.
In accordance with this discovery, it is an object of the invention to provide new compositions for attracting adult Lepidoptera as an aid to insect control measures.
Another object of the invention is to provide a means for increasing the effectiveness of insect traps for monitoring or suppressing Lepidoptera populations.
Other objects and advantages of this invention will become obvious from the ensuing description.
REFERENCES:
patent: 5344821 (1994-09-01), Kingan et al.
Flath, Robert A. et al., “Volatile components of Acacia sp. blossoms,” J. Agric. Food Chem., vol. 31, pp. 1167-1170, 1983.
Ikeda, N. et al., “Volatile components of Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.) flowers,” Flavour and Fragrance Journal, vol. 9, pp. 325-331, 1994.
Buchbauer, G. et al., “Volatiles of the absolute ofCestrum nocturnumL.,” J. Essent. Oil Res., vol. 7, pp. 5-9, Jan. 1995.
Pair, S.D., “Japanese Honeysuckle (Caprifoliaceae): Newly discovered host ofHeliothis virescensandHelicoverpa zea(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae),” Environmental Entomology, vol. 23, No. 4, pp. 906-911, Aug. 1994.
Agricola Abstract 95:21474, Nov. 1994.
Chemical Abstracts 99: 172845, 1983.
Horvat Robert J.
Pair Sammy D.
Deck Randall E.
Fado John D.
Pak John
Silverstein M. Howard
The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of
LandOfFree
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