Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
Patent
1995-06-21
1997-04-22
Lieberman, Paul
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
For cleaning a specific substrate or removing a specific...
510360, 510405, 510446, 510480, 510500, 525 47, 525281, 525412, 525479, 525279, C11D 194, C11D 328
Patent
active
056229267
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to copolymers of 1-vinylpyrrolidone and 1-vinylimidazoles which can be prepared in the presence of water-insoluble polymers which contain at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and/or one mercapto group in the molecule, a process for the preparation of the copolymers by copolymerization of 1-vinylpyrrolidone and 1-vinylimidazoles in the presence of water-insoluble polymers which contain at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and/or one mercapto group in the molecule, in solvents, in the presence of free radical initiators, and the use of the copolymers which can be prepared in this manner and the copolymers of 1-vinylpyrrolidone and styrene as additives for detergents for inhibiting dye transfer during the wash process, and detergents which contain the stated copolymers.
DE-B-22 32 353 discloses detergent and cleaning agent mixtures which essentially consist of from 95 to 60% by weight of nonionic detergents and from 5 to 40% by weight of a partially or completely water-soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone and are essentially free of anionic surfactants. The polymers of vinylpyrrolidone prevent dye transfer from colored to white textiles during the wash process. The polymers of vinylpyrrolidone have molecular weights of from about 10,000 to about 1,000,000. Both homopolymers and copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone are suitable. Examples of useful comonomers are acrylonitrile or maleic anhydride. However, the efficiency of the vinylpyrrolidone polymers as dye transfer inhibitors is very adversely affected by anionic surfactants.
DE-A-28 14 287 discloses detergents and cleaning agents which contain anionic and/or nonionic surfactants, builders and other conventional detergent additives and, as discoloration-inhibiting additives, from 0.1 to 10% by weight of water-soluble or water-dispersible homo- or copolymers of N-vinylimidazole. The polymers have a specific viscosity of from 0.01 to 5 in 1% strength by weight aqueous solution at 20.degree. C.
The abovementioned polymers have the disadvantage that they are neither biodegradable nor removable from the wastewater by adsorption on sewage sludge.
The object of the present invention is to provide novel substances and a process for the preparation of the novel substances. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a detergent additive which prevents dye transfer during the wash process and which can be eliminated from the wastewater at least partially by adsorption on the sewage sludge.
We have found that these objects are achieved by the copolymers which are obtainable by free radical copolymerization of a mixture of
1-vinylimidazole of the formula (I) ##STR1## where R is H, CH.sub.3 or C.sub.2 H.sub.5 and n is from 1 to 3, a mixture of such 1-vinylimidazoles or a mixture of 1-vinylpyrrolidone and/or 1-vinylimidazoles of the formula I which contain up to 20% by weight of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, and least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and/or one mercapto group in the molecule.
The present invention furthermore relates to a process for the preparation of copolymers, wherein thereof or a mixture of 1-vinylpyrrolidone and/or 1-vinylimidazoles which contain up to 20% by weight of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, and least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and/or one mercapto group in the molecule boiling point below 135.degree. C., or a mixture of the stated solvents, in the presence of free radical initiators and in the presence or absence of protective colloids and surfactants.
The last-mentioned object is achieved, according to the invention, by the use of the abovementioned copolymers and by the use of copolymers of 1-vinylpyrrolidone with up to 20% by weight of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers and inhibiting dye transfer during the wash process and with detergents based on surfactants and, if required, builders and other conventional components, if the detergents contain from 0.1 to 10% by weight of a novel copolymer or of a copolymer of 1
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Detering Juergen
Schade Christian
Trieselt Wolfgang
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Delcotto Gregory R.
Lieberman Paul
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