Vibratory conveyor

Details Vibratory conveyor Vibratory conveyor

2001-09-19

2002-10-01

Ellis, Christopher P. (Department: 3651)

Conveyors: power-driven

Conveyor section

Reciprocating conveying surface

C198S762000, C198S769000, C198S766000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06457577

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a vibratory conveyor which conveys or transports material or various objects by vibration or solely by a sliding action.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In most vibratory conveyors which convey objects in a straight line, a trough is linearly vibrated in a direction which is slanted to the conveying surface. The objects are jumping repeatedly and are moved forward. The free flight of metal objects end with an impact which would increase noise. Free flight of the fragile objects ends with an impact which might lead to damage of the fragile objects.
In order to avoid these undesirable effects, the so-called “reciprocating conveyor” is developed in which the objects are conveyed solely by a sliding action, i.e., without leaving the surface of the conveyor. One example of the reciprocating conveyors is shown in FIG.
1
and is disclosed in the Japanese Opening Gazette 123812/1980.
A reciprocating conveyor
100
includes a trough
150
which is U-shaped in cross-section and vibrated by an exciter
110
in a horizontal direction. The objects are transported rightwards in the trough
150
.
The trough
150
is supported on a base
109
through vertical leaf springs
152
. The upper and lower ends of the leaf springs
152
are fixed to the trough
150
and the base
109
through fixing members
153
a
and
153
b
, respectively. The trough
150
is vibrated in the direction X by the exciter
110
. The latter is combined with the former by horizontal leaf springs
129
. The left and right ends of the leaf springs
129
are fixed to the exciter
110
and trough
150
through angular members
154
and
114
(FIG.
2
). The leaf springs
152
are rigid in its longitudinal direction, while they are flexible in its lateral direction. Little force is applied in the vertical direction to the trough
150
by cooperation of the leaf springs
129
and coil springs
128
supporting the exciter
110
from the latter.
FIG. 2
is a plan view of the exciter
110
and portions relating thereto.
FIG. 3
is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III—III in FIG.
2
. As shown in
FIG. 3
, the exciter
110
consists of a pair of exciting mechanisms
131
a
and
131
b
which are attached to housings
111
a
and
111
b
(FIG.
1
), respectively. They are fixed to each other through spacers
127
as one body, and supported on the base
109
through the coil springs
128
.
The exciting mechanisms
131
a
and
131
b
are equal to each other in construction, and are arranged symmetrically with respect to each other. Only the construction of the exciting mechanism
131
a
will be described. A first rotational shaft
135
a
is supported by bearings
133
a
and
134
a
which are fixed to the housing
111
a
. A first semi-circular unbalance weight
136
a
of larger diameter is fixed to the first rotational shaft
135
a
. Similarly, a second rotational shaft
145
a
is supported by bearing
143
a
and
144
a
which are fixed to the housing
111
a
. A second semicircular unbalance weight
146
a
of smaller diameter is fixed to the second rotational shaft
145
a.
An electric motor
121
a
is fixed on a back wall portion of the housing lila. A belt
123
a
is wound on a pulley
122
a
fixed to a rotary shaft of the electric-motor
121
a
and another pulley
137
a
fixed to one end of the first rotary shaft
135
a
. A large-diameter. gear
139
a
is fixed to another end of the first rotary shaft
135
a
, and engaged with a small-diameter gear
149
a
fixed to one end of the second rotary shaft
145
a
. The number of teeth of the small-diameter gear
149
a
is half of that of the large-diameter gear
139
a
. Thus, the second rotary shaft
145
a
is rotated in opposite direction to the first rotary shaft
135
a
, at the twice angular speed as the latter. Suffix b is attached to those of the other exciting mechanism
131
b
which correspond to the parts of the one exciting mechanism
131
a
, and the description of which will be omitted.
The first and second unbalance weights
136
a
,
136
b
and
146
a
,
146
b
of the exciting mechanisms
131
a
and
131
b
are fixed to the first and second rotary shafts
135
a
,
135
b
and
145
a
,
145
b
, respectively in the angular phase relationship as shown in FIG.
3
. Accordingly, the composite force generated by the exciting mechanisms
131
a
and
131
b
, in the vertical direction Y is always equal to zero.
The construction of the reciprocating conveyor
100
of the prior art has been described. Next, its operation will be described.
The two first unbalance weights
136
a
are fixed to the rotary shaft
135
a
in the exciting mechanism
131
a
. However, they are equivalent in effect to the one first unbalance weight which is double in weight and is fixed to the center of the rotary shaft
135
a
. For simplification of the description, it is assumed that the one unbalance weight having the weight double as the first unbalance weight
136
a
is fixed to the center of the rotary shaft
135
a
. Similarly in the other exciting mechanism
131
b
, it is assumed that the one unbalance weight having the weight double as the first unbalance weight
136
b
is fixed to the center of the rotary shaft
135
b.
Referring to
FIG. 3
, the electric motors
121
a
and
121
b
are rotated in opposite directions, in synchronization with each other. In the one exciting mechanism
131
a
, the first rotary shaft
135
a
is rotated in clockwise direction through the belt
123
a
, while the second rotary shaft
145
a
is rotated in anti-clockwise direction at the twice angular speed, since the larger gears
139
a
and the small gear
149
a
are engaged with each other.
In the other exciting mechanism
131
b
, the first rotary shaft
135
b
is rotated in anti-clockwise direction through the belt
123
b
, while the second rotary shaft
145
b
is rotated in clockwise directions at the twice angular speed, since the gears
139
b
and
149
b
are engaged with each other.
As shown in
FIG. 4
, the X-components Fax, Fbx of the centrifugal forces Fa, Fb generated from the first unbalance weights
136
a
,
136
b
in t seconds, are as follows:
Fa
x
=−Fa
sin(&ohgr;
t
),
Fb
x
=−Fb
sin(&ohgr;
t
)
where &ohgr; represents angular speed.
Accordingly,
F
x
=Fa
x
+Fb
x
=−2
Fa
sin(&ohgr;
t
)
Similarly, the X-components fax, fbx of the centrifugal forces fa, fb generated from the second unbalance weights
146
a
,
146
b,
fa
x
=fa
sin(2&ohgr;
t
),
are as follows:
fb
x
=fb
sin(2&ohgr;
t
).
Accordingly, the composite force f
x
is as follows:
f
x
=fa
x
+fb
x
=2
fa
sin(2&ohgr;
t
)
Accordingly, the X-composite force Q
x
as whole,
Q
x
=F
x
+f
x
=−2
Fa
sin(&ohgr;
t
)+2
fa
sin(2&ohgr;
t
)
The trough
150
is excited by the force Q
x
. The Y-components Fay, Fby of the centrifugal forces Fa, Fb generated from the first unbalance weights
136
a
,
136
b
in t seconds is as follows:
Fa
y
=−Fa
cos(&ohgr;
t
),
Fb
y
=Fb
cos(&ohgr;
t
)
The composite force F
y
is as follows:
F
y
=Fa
y
+Fb
y
=0
Similarly, the Y-component fay, fby of the centrifugal forces fa, fb generated from the second unbalance weights
146
a
,
146
b
are as follows:
 
fa
y
=−fa
cos(2&ohgr;
t
),
fb
y
=fa
cos(2&ohgr;
t
)
Thus, the composite force f
y
is as follows:
f
y
=fa
y
+fb
y
=0
Accordingly, the Y-composite force Q
y
of the centrifugal forces generated from the first and second unbalance weights
136
a
,
136
b
, and
146
a
,
146
b
, are always equal to zero.
Q
y
=F
y
+f
y
=0
The composite force Q
x
is applied to the trough
150
only in the X-direction.
Q
x
=F
x
+f
y
=−2
Fa
sin(&ohgr;
t
)+2
fa
sin(2&ohgr;
t
).
In graph shown in
FIG. 5A
, axis of ordinates represents exciting force in the X-direction, and axis of abscissas represents time. The composite forces Q
x
, F
x
and f
x
change with time, as shown in
FIG. 5A

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