Furnaces – Refuse incinerator – Refuse suspended in or supported by a fluid medium
Patent
1984-12-10
1986-09-09
Makay, Albert J.
Furnaces
Refuse incinerator
Refuse suspended in or supported by a fluid medium
110249, 110258, 110268, 122 4D, 126155, F23G 530
Patent
active
046102086
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a means in a heating boiler having a grate onto which fuel material is supplied in particle form from a supply pipe, a vibrating means being arranged to cause the grate to vibrate in order to give the fuel particles a toss movement up from the grate depending on the oscillation effect produced by the vibrating means.
In recent years the use of biomass for energy purposes has increased considerably. The biomass is converted to a fuel in suitable solid form, such as pellets or brickettes. Fuel pellets are produced from waste-paper, raw timber products, peat, straw and mixtures of these materials, etc. and, due to their low moisture content (usually below 15%) and high density, they are intended to enable high hearth temperatures when burnt in a heating boiler. However, it has been found that slag is formed due to too high a combustion temperature, in turn caused by too great and rapid supply of air. Thus, when wood pellets were burned intermittently on a grate, this had to be cleared from slag at regular intervals as it became more and more difficult for the primary air to reach the hearth and partially combusted, charcoal pellets had collected on the inner part of the grate.
Fuel pellets have many advantages and valuable properties and there is therefore a great need to solve the problems mentioned above in a satisfactory manner.
EP-A2 0 048 089 describes a heating boiler for the combustion of solid fuel on a grate which is not freely suspended in the combustion chamber but instead rests on a pipe-connection at the bottom of the combustion chamber. A vibrator means is arranged to give the grate a vertical vibratory movement and the grate must therefore be inclined downwards so that the fuel can be spread while special measures must be taken to retard spreading of the fuel on the inclined grate. The supply means is not connected with the grate or with the vibrator either.
EP-A2 0 041 860 describes a heating boiler at least as complicated in its design as that according to the specification discussed above. The grate is horizontal and the vibrator arranged so that the fuel particles resting on the grate are not tossed up but moved forwards without leaving the grate. The forward movement of the fuel particles is caused by the particles themselves pushing against each other at the filling point, and thus being forced forward. This is facilitated by the vibratory grate.
Swedish patent specification 136 214 describes a vibratory grate for a combustion installation, which may have a supply funnel with inclined bottom plate connected to the grate. The fuel supply is regulated by adjusting an appropriate inclination on the bottom plate. The fuel supply cannot therefore be regulated simply by altering the oscillation frequency of the vibrator. Neither is the grate freely suspended in the combustion chamber. The vibrator is arranged in the combustion chamber and is connected to the grate, not to the bottom plate of the supply funnel. Neither is the vibrator in any of the described embodiments arranged to impart a tossing movement to the fuel particles. Instead these will only slide along the bottom plate as a coherent bed. The vibrator is not arranged to function as drive source to supply fuel particles to the grate via a supply pipe. First of all, there is no such supply pipe in the known means, secondly the vibrator does not cause the fuel particles to be tossed obliquely upwards-forwards, thirdly the bottom plate is inclined to enable the supply of fuel due to a falling effect, and fourthly the bottom plate is so arranged that, due to vibration, it influences the fuel particles in the funnel so that they fall down and slide along the inclined bottom plate.
Swedish patent specification 168 460 relates to a method of feeding fuel along on a vibratory grate with inclined grate surface, while the amplitude is kept constant. No statement is given about free suspension of the grate.
U.S. Patent specification No. 4,250,818 describes a vibrating combustion bed which is not freely suspended
REFERENCES:
patent: 4007697 (1977-02-01), Prill
patent: 4250818 (1981-02-01), Sigg
patent: 4459921 (1984-07-01), Unger
patent: 4470359 (1984-09-01), Smith
Lersten Bjarne
Svensson Kjell
Kils el Ab
Makay Albert J.
Warner Steven E.
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