Receptacles – Compartmented container – Intercommunicable compartments
Patent
1994-08-08
1998-01-06
Pollard, Steven M.
Receptacles
Compartmented container
Intercommunicable compartments
220581, F16J 1200
Patent
active
057045127
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a vessel for a pressurized fluid made of plastic or a similar material comprising an upper end wall and a lower end wall, which end walls are joined together by means of an outer wall connecting the end walls, which vessel comprises two or more inter-communicating compartments divided by internal partition walls extending between the end walls, which compartments are intended to accommodate the fluid, and also with an internal connection inside the vessel between the end walls via a partition wall connection.
The manufacture of pressure vessels of the compressed air tank type or equivalent at the present time involves forming a tube or tube-like compartment with flat or dished end walls. In a design of this kind, as in all pressurized tubes which lack any internal reinforcement in the vessels, the tensile stresses peripherally along a cross-section of the tube section are at least twice as high as the tensile stresses axially in the cross-section.
This means that the material in the tube wall is utilized to less than half its capacity in the axial sense because the design of the construction concentrates the load peripherally. If it were possible to modify the design so as to provide an optimized balance between axial and peripheral stresses, then a material with only half the strength could be used. Alternatively, vessels with half the material content, and thus half the weight, could be made.
The quantities "half" and 50% used in the above description are simplified illustrations. A detailed calculation will produce the actual values for each individual application of the present design.
The technique of reinforcing underground waste pipes and the like internally by the use of partition walls in the longitudinal sense of the pipe is previously disclosed. These partition walls serve only as a support for the outer casing in order to counteract local collapse under external pressure. The partition walls are also able to act as a means of protecting against fracture when lifting long pipes. See SE-B-340.729.
Previously disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,338,238 to Warnche is the technique of sectioning the cross-section in a plastic vessel in order to counteract any attempt by the vessel to adopt a circular cross-section in the presence of internal overpressure. At the same time the required thickness of the outer casing can be reduced by executing the compartments closest to the outer casing with a smaller cross-sectional area. A certain saving in weight for a pressure vessel can be achieved in this way. However, the problem remains that certain parts of the material are exposed to higher stress concentrations in one direction. This is particularly true of the joining components where joining takes place by means of dovetail grooves or centre plugs.
In internally sectioned pressure vessels of the previously disclosed kind, the connecting forces between the various parts of the vessel are absorbed by the aforementioned dovetail grooves, rivets, welding or folding of the outer casings.
The present invention permits optimal material use for load absorption because of the internal overpressure in the vessel.
The section through the vessel cross-section is executed so as to achieve an even distribution of stresses over the entire cross-section, and not simply low stresses in the outer casing.
The practical function has been demonstrated by pressure-testing parts of the vessel and by detailed calculation according to the finite element method. The tests and the detailed calculations were necessary because the function is contradicted by established methods of calculation which are applied in a generally simplified fashion.
The present invention also makes reference to a method of construction for joining together the parts of the vessel which differs from established methods of construction and calculation.
By joining together not only certain components, but also the sectioned internal cross-section between two parts of the vessel in a fashion which not only seals, but also transmits
REFERENCES:
patent: 2802332 (1957-08-01), Orsino
patent: 3338238 (1967-08-01), Warncke
patent: 3371488 (1968-03-01), Turner
patent: 3410340 (1968-11-01), Gat et al.
patent: 5323953 (1994-06-01), Adderley et al.
patent: 5427268 (1995-06-01), Downing, Jr. et al.
patent: 5564587 (1996-10-01), Falk et al.
Carlsson Tomas
Falk Ingemar
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