Electrical generator or motor structure – Dynamoelectric – Rotary
Patent
1996-09-10
1998-11-17
Stephan, Steven L.
Electrical generator or motor structure
Dynamoelectric
Rotary
310112, 310114, 310115, 310118, H02K 1600
Patent
active
058380850
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND
1. Need for Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)
Scientific, commercial, medical, governmental, military, communications and industrial activities, as well as offices, businesses, schools and homes, need electrical power to carry out many of their functions. A sudden interruption or failure, even of brief duration, of electrical power is not only inconvenient, but may be damaging and costly to any of these activities. Computer data may be lost, work in progress damaged, or lives may be put in jeopardy. Sometimes it takes many days of time and work effort to restore manufacturing operations and to recover from the damage and losses so incurred from electrical power failures.
Many of these facilities and activities have gas or diesel engine generators or other standby electrical power equipment that require several seconds to activate and put into service to replace the suddenly unavailable electrical power. The several second lapse of time while an engine is being started and when no electrical power is available can cause serious disruption or even damage or loss to such facilities.
2. Reliability of Electrical Power Supply
While utilities supplying electrical power are usually quite reliable, circumstances beyond their control may occur from time to time that interrupt or cause the electrical power supply to be inadequate or unusable. Accidents and equipment failure in the power plants, or lightning strikes and other incidents affecting the power lines, transformers and other equipment, may cut off electrical power in areas ranging in extent from whole cities, down to only a single power line into a factory, home or an office. As a result, the electrical power user often is suddenly, and usually unexpectedly, rendered helpless.
Electric utilities inform their customers that they cannot guarantee clean uninterrupted electrical power being delivered at all times to a customer. Studies of the types of electrical interruptions and disturbances in a number of U.S. and Canadian utilities show that, during a long period of time such as a year, the frequency and duration of various kinds of interruptions averages out to a general pattern as shown in FIG. 1 of the drawings. It will be noted from the bar chart in FIG. 1 that about 45% of the interruptions in these 60 Hertz systems last less than 10 cycles, that is less than a sixth of a second, which period is far more time than that required to "crash" a computer. Another 23% of the interruptions last less than a second, while 18% of the interruptions last from 1 to 10 seconds. Thus, a total of some 86% of the AC power interruptions do not last beyond 10 seconds. However, the final 14% of the power interruptions that last more than 10 seconds also create major problems for many electrical power users and may result in the most costly damage. In addition, on any local power line, power factor correction capacitors and other switching on the utility system, together with customer motor starting, load switching and electrically "dirty loads", such as arc melting furnaces, electronic motor drives, battery chargers and the like, create an almost constant chorus of voltage spikes, sags and electrical noise on the power lines which may result in problems for many users. Another source of problems occur during weather extremes in some areas, such as either a very cold snap in the southeast U.S. or a heat wave in summer in the mid-west, when so much electrical power demand is created that the utility peak power generating capacity can be exceeded. When this happens, the utility may have to resort to "rolling" blackouts lasting 15 minutes or so in duration by interrupting all electrical power to successive portions of their utility service area in order to prevent total system collapse. These "blackouts" may be repeated every 2-3 hours in each section of the utility's service areas until the crisis is over.
To avoid some of these electric power quality problems, reliance is placed by the electrical user on auxiliary power protection devices and/or power supplies w
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Barber Ronnie J.
Roesel, Jr. John F.
Precise Power Corporation
Stephan Steven L.
Williams Timothy A.
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