Ships – Building – Canal and ferry boats
Patent
1982-03-08
1984-05-15
Makay, Albert J.
Ships
Building
Canal and ferry boats
114211, B63J 204
Patent
active
044481128
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a ventilator for ventilation between a limited space and the outside air. The ventilator is of the type wherein the flow of outside air past the ventilator is used to convey air to and from the space, so that a circulation is obtained.
BACKGROUND ART
In order that the flow of outside air may be able to be used to convey air to and from the space it is necessary for the inflowing air to be caught by an opening which is facing in the direction of the wind, while the air which is to be conveyed out of the space is permitted to flow out at the leeward side. Ventilators, which use this principle as a result of the fact that a hood is permitted to swing by means of a weather vane, were known previously. With such a construction, the effect is achieved that the hood always has an intake opening in the direction of the wind and an outflow opening at the leeward side. Nevertheless, the operation of such ventilators depends entirely on the hood being free to swing and ventilators of this type have not proved reliable, particularly when there is a risk of the formation of ice and driving snow. Other attempts at providing passages in a fixed housing, which provide inwardly and outwardly directed flows have not led to the intended effect and provide too weak a ventilation for the majority of purposes as well as being dependent on the wind direction in an unintended manner.
TECHNICAL PROBLEM
The problem which the present invention is intended to solve is therefore to provide a ventilator which is capable both of forcing air into a space and of sucking air out thereof, to bring about a circulation without using mechanical means but simply by means of the flow of outside air. The requirement is that the ventilator should not need any readjustment after a change in wind direction, either manually or, for example, by the action of the wind. Thus the ventilator should fulfil its function substantially without movable parts.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The invention will be described in more detail below with some examples of embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings of which FIGS. 1-3 show the basic principle of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the ventilator according to the invention,
FIG. 5 is an axial section through the ventilator of FIG. 4 on the line V--V in FIG. 6,
FIG. 6 is a cross-section through the ventilator on the line VI--VI in FIG. 5,
FIGS. 7 and 8 show a second and third form of embodiment respectively of the ventilator according to the invention, while FIG. 9 shows diagrammatically the use of the ventilator as a heat exchanger.
FIGS. 10-12 show diagrammatically a couple of examples of the installation of the ventilator according to the invention in boats and the path of the air flows with the heating unit respectively disconnected and connected up .
THE SOLUTION
The basic principle of the ventilator according to the present invention is that a passage connection between the environment and the space intended for ventilation is divided up into a plurality of passage sections delimited from one another. These are adapted to maintain separate flows of incoming and outgoing air for communication between the outside air and the delimited space. As a result of the flow of the outside air past the ventilator, excess pressure develops in certain sections and low pressure in others. The passage sections in which excess pressure develops in relation to the delimited space, act as air intakes, while the passage sections in which low pressure prevails in relation to said space act as evacuation passages for air from the space to the outside air. This means that with a wind direction of the external flows of air in the direction of the arrows in full lines shown in FIG. 1, excess pressure is obtained in the passage sections designated by d-f, through which fresh air is taken in, while low pressure develops in the sections designated by a-c, with the result that air is evacuated through these passage sections.
The number of
REFERENCES:
patent: 45814 (1865-01-01), Burnett
patent: 49374 (1865-08-01), Burnett
patent: 217712 (1879-07-01), Smith
patent: 1289821 (1918-12-01), Laakso
Joyce Harold
Makay Albert J.
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