Electric resistance heating devices – Heating devices – With heat storage means
Utility Patent
1999-05-11
2001-01-02
Jeffery, John A. (Department: 3742)
Electric resistance heating devices
Heating devices
With heat storage means
C392S354000, C165S054000, C454S239000
Utility Patent
active
06169849
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ventilation-heating apparatus comprising a fresh air passage with which a fresh air ventilation means is associated and which opens into a room-side inflow air supply opening, and comprising a room air passage with which a room air ventilation means is associated and which opens into a room-side air removal outlet opening, with the fresh air and room air passages being passed through a heat exchanger which is suitable for the transfer of heat from the room air passage to the fresh air passage, and with an electrically heatable metallic heating element being provided in the region of the fresh air passage.
Ventilation-heating apparatuses of this kind are used for the inward and outward ventilation and for the heating of closed rooms, with it being possible to achieve a favorable energy balance through the heat exchanger provided.
Disadvantageous in known ventilation-heating apparatuses is the fact that the relevant room cannot always be heated to the desired extent. A brief strong rapid heating is often not possible, whereas on the other hand when a slow variation of the room temperature is desired the heated inlet air which is supplied changes its temperature in an undesirably abrupt manner when the electrically heatable element is switched on, in particular since in this case the heating element is always switched on as a rule only briefly.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the invention consists in designing a ventilation-heating apparatus of the initially named kind in such a manner that a brief rapid heating is possible and that abrupt temperature changes in the heated inlet air flow which is supplied are avoided in the normal heating operation.
This object is satisfied in accordance with the invention in that a heat storage element which is suitable for the storage of the heat produced is associated with the heating element; and in that in addition an electrically heatable metallic additional heating element which can be selectively switched on is provided in the region of the fresh air passage.
The heat storage element causes a heating function to still be provided even after the switching off of the heating element since the heat storage element does not cool down immediately, but only slowly, in dependence on its mass and on its thermal inertia. It is thus possible to hold the unit consisting of the heating element and the heat storage element at a largely constant temperature even in the event of the alternating switching on and off of the heating element or to vary this temperature intentionally slowly so that no abrupt temperature fluctuations arise in the heated inlet air flow which is supplied.
Through the additional heating element the heating power can—when required—be considerably increased in order for example to realize a rapid heating function.
The apparatus in accordance with the invention thus enables a particularly flexible heating function with respect to the heating power which is at the same time found to be very agreeable as a result of the avoidance of abrupt temperature variations.
It is preferred when the heating element—in a manner similar to an immersion heater—is designed as a heating wire and the heat storage element as a jacket tube which surrounds the heating wire and which in particular consists of steel, preferably of chromium-nickel steel. Between the Jacket tube and the heating wire an insulation is preferably provided in this case, which can for example consist of a magnesium oxide layer.
The jacket tube can for example have a length between 100 and 150 cm, in particular of approximately 130 cm, and an inner or outer diameter between 3 and 5 cm, in particular of approximately 4 cm. The storage mass of the heat storage element can have a volume between 1.0 and 3.0 dm
3
, in particular between 1.0 and 2.5 dm
3
, preferably of approximately 1.8 dm
3
.
The additional heating element is preferably designed as a pure heating coil, the heating power of which, for example, lies between 500 and 2000 W, in particular at approximately 1800 W. The heating power of the heating element can, for example, amount to between 100 and 300 W and preferably amounts to approximately 200 W. The heating power of the additional heating element is preferably greater than the heating power of the heating element by a factor between 3 and 15, in particular by a factor of approximately 9.
As far as reference is made in connection with the invention to the heating power of the heating element it can be a matter here either of a momentary value which is continuously provided during the switching on period of the heating element or of an average value which results from an intermittent heating operation which is provided during the switching on period.
The fresh air ventilation means can be placed after the heat exchanger in the flow direction of the fresh air passage. In this it is advantageous when the heating element is arranged between the heat exchanger and the fresh air ventilation means.
Between the heating element and the fresh air ventilation means a temperature sensor can be provided in the region of the fresh air passage which measures the temperature of the fresh air which is heated by the heating element for the purpose of a control or regulation function. This or a further sensor can also be arranged in such a manner that it ultimately determines the temperature of the heat storage element in accordance with the invention for control or regulation purposes.
It is advantageous when a temperature sensor is provided between the room-side air removal outlet opening and the heat exchanger in the region of the room air passage by means of which the temperature of the sucked in outlet air can be determined for control or regulation purposes.
It is preferred when a heat storage element which is suitable for storing the heat produced is associated exclusively with the heating element, but not with the additional heating element however.
The additional heating element can be placed after the fresh air ventilation means in the flow direction of the fresh air passage, through which it is achieved in an advantageous manner that the sensor, which is placed ahead of the fresh air ventilation means, is not negatively influenced or damaged by the additional heating element, which as a rule has a very high heating power.
Furthermore, it is preferred when the ventilation means which is associated with the fresh air passage runs at a speed of rotation during the operation of the additional heating element which is substantially greater than the speed of rotation when the additional heating element is switched off or, respectively, when the heating element is operated only with the heat storage element. Through this the large additional heating power is rapidly available in the relevant room, as is desired by the user, and an overheating of the apparatus is avoided. For example a control and regulation unit can be provided which controls, among other things, the speed of rotation of the fresh air ventilation means and automatically causes the increase of the speed of rotation when the additional heating element is switched on.
Further preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in the subordinate claims.
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Eickenhorst, Heinz: Wohnungsl{umlaut over (u)}ftung mit W{umlaut over (a)}rme
Jeffery John A.
Olsberg Hermann Everken GmbH
Townsend and Townsend / and Crew LLP
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