Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – Vertically curved arch with terminal support – Monolithic arch
Patent
1989-09-27
1991-01-29
Chilcot, Jr., Richard E.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
Vertically curved arch with terminal support
Monolithic arch
52 82, 52 86, 52 89, E04B 132, E04B 708
Patent
active
049877070
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to construction and to building structures, and more particularly it relates to a vaulted building structure.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
It is generally known that the cost of construction of vaulted building structures is significantly lower than of framed structures; thus, the input of concrete is lower by 25-30% and of steel by up to 25%, and the total cost is lower by 12 to 14%. On the other hand, the input of steel into ferroconcrete structures is 4 to 5 times less than into buildings with all-metal structures.
The construction of monolithic or solid cast-in-situ building structures requires extended construction facilities and is economically feasible only in industrially developed areas.
Contractors have accumulated considerable experience in erecting the shells of vaulted buildings and structures, such as the domes and ceilings of production shops, pavilions, grain storages, hangars, minor sports halls and auditoriums made of individual components, e.g. with the use of panel shells.
The use of panel shells in construction yields considerable savings when vaulted building structures are erected.
In general, the industrial manufacture and use of panel shells in construction have been found to yield sizeable economy and to save the input of both materials and labour.
However, a vaulted building structure made of panel shells requires a load-bearing skeleton or cage, in most cases made of metal, and its construction involves the sealing of joints and application of waterproofing coatings.
The thickness of the shell of a vaulted building structure is determined from calculations accounting for the total load applied to the shell, the strength ratings of the construction material used and of the metal reinforcement. The common practice is to arrange the metal reinforcement closer to either the outer or inner surface of the shell, and to apply a protecting coating 10-15 mm thick to safeguard the reinforcement against corrosion.
Due to relatively large dimensions vaulted building structures are in most cases constructed on supports. The general practice is to make individual panel shells at manufacturing works and then to ship them to the construction site where diverse handling equipment is operated to assemble them into a vaulted building structure. Consequently, the design of the panel shells has to provide for shipment and handling loads, which generally results in an increased input of materials into the structures. The same problems are encountered when shells are constructed without a load-bearing cage.
As it has been already mentioned, the use of structures made of panel shells is not economically feasible in areas remote from the construction industry centres, on account of the problems encountered in erecting such structures, concerning both the shipment cost and the complexity of the assembly work requiring specific handling equipment. These extra costs can be as high as 50 to 200% of the cost of the structure itself.
The load-bearing capacity of thin-wall shells is dependent on their strength, rigidity and stability, and, consequently, the service life of vaulted structures is dependent on the geometric shape and dimensions of such shells.
High load-bearing capacity is offered by thin-wall shells of vaulted building structures of the cylindrical type, made of jointed arcuate elements with a convex outer surface having their ends bearing upon a base. The central angle of such arcuate elements is generally from 130.degree. to 150.degree. , the width of the arcuate element being uniform throughout its length. The actual geometric dimensions of arcuate elements, i.e. their width and the curvature radius of the outer surface are dependent on the dimensions (the length and height) of the vaulted structures, defined by their intended use.
There is known a vaulted building structure comprising a shell of a composite construction material, formed by arcuate elements of a uniform width with a convex outer surface, having their ends bearing upon the base,
REFERENCES:
patent: 3118010 (1964-01-01), Harrington
patent: 3154888 (1964-11-01), Graham
Kiselev Vasily P.
Klimenko Nikolai P.
Zakharov Alexandr A.
Chilcot Jr. Richard E.
Ripley Deborah M.
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