Ammunition and explosives – Gas or mist dispersing
Reexamination Certificate
1968-07-15
2001-05-08
Tudor, Harold J. (Department: 3641)
Ammunition and explosives
Gas or mist dispersing
C102S334000, C102S369000, C149S083000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06227118
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
V agents are a class of anticholinesterase warfare gases. They are in liquid form under all climatic conditions and are toxic in either the liquid, vapor or aerosol form. The present invention is directed to a V agent vaporizer and aerosol generating device.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The most common prior art technique for generating a V agent vapor and aerosol is the use of explosive bursters with a liquid V agent. This method has proved to be inefficient. Tests have shown that only 10% of the V agent present is disseminated by this method. Furthermore, the method is also unreliable because in a relatively high percentage of applications, the V agent ignites and combusts with no significant dissemination of the V agent.
High pressure nozzles have also been used in the prior art to produce a V agent aerosol. This method is disadvantageous because high pressures in the range of 3000 to 4000 psi are required to break up the agent into an aerosol. This high pressure requires the use of heavy, high strength vessels to contain the V agent and results in a low V agent to total weight ratio. In addition, this method requires the use of fine nozzles which are subject to clogging and are difficult and expensive to manufacture.
A further disadvantage of both of the above methods is the requirement that personnel using these methods must handle the highly toxic V agent at some stage in the logistic cycle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a significant advance over the prior art. The inventive device is highly efficient and allows the dissemination of virtually all the V agent. The inventive device is very reliable because the explosive used is separated from the reaction area and there is no possibility of the V agent combusting.
The subject invention disseminates the V agent as a vapor and aerosol at a low pressure through a large nozzle. The inventive device has a low weight and is not subject to restrictive production tolerances.
In addition the V agent is not produced by the present invention until the time of dissemination. Use of the inventive device is, therefore, extremely safer than prior art devices because the V agent is never handled in the logistic cycle.
The inventive device comprises a container having two compartments separated by a destructable partition. One end of the container is formed into a nozzle which is separated from the first compartment by a seal. A cup-shaped member is slidably mounted in the second compartment and an explosive is placed behind it. The chemical components of the V agent are divided between the two compartments and freon is placed in one of them. They are combined when the explosive is detonated and forces the cup member against the destructable partition. The chemicals combine to form the V agent and the heat of reaction destroys the nozzle seal. The pressure developed by the reaction of the chemicals forces the V agent and the freon out of the nozzle and the mixture upon contact with the atmosphere vaporizes and forms an aerosol.
It is an object of this invention to provide a new and improved vaporizer and aerosol generator.
It is another object of this invention to provide an efficient and reliable V agent vaporizer and aerosol generator.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide a V agent vaporizer and aerosol generator which operates at a low pressure.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a V agent vaporizer and aerosol generator which is light in weight, simple to construct and safe to handle.
It is a still further object of this invention to provide a V agent vaporizer and aerosol generator in which the components of the V agent are initially stored in separate compartments.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following drawings and specification in which:
REFERENCES:
patent: 2115608 (1938-04-01), Brandt
patent: 2354882 (1944-08-01), Samann
patent: 2578726 (1951-12-01), Moore
patent: 3335039 (1967-08-01), Niles et al.
patent: 3335040 (1967-08-01), Niles
patent: 3380383 (1968-04-01), Schnepfe, Jr.
patent: 443451 (1936-02-01), None
Bechtel, Esq. James B.
The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of
Tudor Harold J.
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