Fluid sprinkling – spraying – and diffusing – Processes – Of discharge modification of flow varying
Patent
1990-03-20
1992-05-05
Kashnikow, Andres
Fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing
Processes
Of discharge modification of flow varying
23926519, 23926535, 23926537, 60230, B64C 1502
Patent
active
051100479
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates generally to the field of nozzles through which a fluid jet is discharged, and, more particularly, to various forms of improved vane-type nozzles for selectively controlling the magnitude and direction of the thrust vector of hot gas discharged therethrough, and to improved methods of controlling the operation of such nozzles.
BACKGROUND ART
Converging-diverging nozzles are commonly used to discharge a fluid, typically a gas, to produce a fluid jet which, in turn, creates thrust. For example, such a fluid jet may be used to control the attitude of an airborne vehicle.
Such nozzles typically have a converging entrance section, a narrowed throat section, and a diverging exit section. Each of these sections is typically of fixed dimension and proportion, and the flow of fluid is controlled by an upstream valve having relatively-slidable parts or small-area orifices. In some applications, contaminants in the hot gas, possibly molten aluminum, may foul these sliding parts and/or orifices.
Accordingly, it would be generally desirable to provide an improved thruster nozzle which is relatively insensitive to contaminants in the discharged fluid, which avoids relatively-sliding parts and small orifices, which is generally self-cleaning, and which affords the capability of selectively varying the flow therethrough at the throat.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present invention broadly provides various forms of improved vane-type nozzles, and various accompanying forms of operating such nozzles.
With parenthetical reference to the corresponding parts, portions or surfaces of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-5 for purposes of illustration, the invention, in one aspect, provides an improved adjustable nozzle (e.g., 10), which broadly comprises: a body (e.g., 11) having a flow passageway (e.g., 14) therethrough, the passageway being configured to define a converging entrance section (e.g., 18), an narrowed throat section (e.g., 19) and a divergent exit section (e.g., 20); at least one vane member (e.g., 12 or 13) pivotally mounted on the body, each vane member having a first surface (e.g., 33 or 33') facing into the passageway to form a movable wall portion of the throat section, each first surface being eccentric to the pivotal axis (e.g., 38 or 38') of the associated vane member; and an actuator (e.g., 42 or 43) mounted on the body and operable to selectively vary the angular position of the associated vane member relative to the body; whereby each actuator may be selectively operated to controllably vary the orifice area of the throat section. In some cases, the position of a single vane member may be selectively varied to change the magnitude and direction of a thrust vector (i.e., T) discharged therethrough. In other cases, the improved nozzle may have two opposed vane members, and the positions of these may be varied conjunctively or independently of one another, as desired, to vary the magnitude and direction of the thrust vector.
In another aspect, the invention provides an improved method of varying the orifice area of such a nozzle, which method comprises the steps of: providing a body (e.g., 11) with a flow passageway (e.g., 14) therethrough, this passageway having an entrance section (e.g., 18), a narrowed throat section (e.g., 19) and an exit section (e.g., 20); providing a vane member (e.g., 12) to have a first surface (e.g., 33) position eccentrically to a pivotal axis (e.g., 38); mounting the vane member on the body for pivotal movement about the axis such that the first surface forms a movable wall portion of the throat section; and controllably varying the angular position of the vane member relative to the body; thereby to selectively vary the orifice area of the throat section. In some cases, two opposed vane members may be mounted on the body so as to form opposing movable wall portions. These vane members may be moved simultaneously in opposite angular directions to vary only the magnitude of the thrust vector, leaving its direction unchanged, or
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patent: 2366264 (1945-01-01), James
patent: 2799989 (1957-07-01), Kappus
patent: 3302890 (1967-02-01), Silver
patent: 3304865 (1967-02-01), Gungle
patent: 4641782 (1987-02-01), Woodward
patent: 4763840 (1988-08-01), Madden
patent: 4798328 (1989-01-01), Thayer et al.
patent: 4821979 (1989-04-01), Denning et al.
Grant William
Kashnikow Andres
Moog Inc.
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