Valves and valve timing for internal combustion engine

Details Valves and valve timing for internal combustion engine Valves and valve timing for internal combustion engine

1995-01-24

1998-09-08

Solis, Erick R.

Internal-combustion engines

Four-cycle

Engine cylinder having a reciprocating sleeve valve

123 79C, 1231884, 1231885, 251325, F01L 320

Patent

active

058030425

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND

1. Field of Invention
This invention pertains to valves and valve timing for a cylinder of an internal combustion engine.
2. Related Art and Other Considerations
Opening and closing of valve holes, as well as the sizes of valve holes, are important considerations in a four-stroke internal combustion engine.
Four valve heads are traditionally arranged with two suction or intake valves on one side of the head, and two exhaust valves on the other side of the head. There have been attempts to alter the placement of the valves, e.g., placing exhaust valves diagonally across from one another. These altered valve placement attempts appear to enhance volumetric efficiency, to lower interference, and to offer certain thermodynamic advantages.
It was generally believed that four valves in each cylinder would optimally assure maximum quantity of air intake. But recently some technicians have taken issue with the "nothing better than four" credo. For example, Yamaha developed a five-valve FZ 750 head. Alejandro De Tommaso developed a six valve head having three suction valves and three exhaust valves inside a 90 mm circumference.
With the conventional multiple valve arrangements very little of the valve head real estate is actually devoted to induction of combustible mixture, particularly since the valve head must also accommodate exhaust valves (and in a manner without interference). Moreover, the exhaust valves protrude into the cylinder and thereby have a tendency to oppose the outflowing of exhaust gases. Moreover, the exhaust valves (including the valve stems) are subjected to intense heat as the exhaust gas escapes.
There have been unsuccessful attempts (for example, the "Knight" engine) to eliminate valves on the cylinder head, for example by reciprocating sleeves up and down within a cylinder lining for the purpose of selectively opening and closing radial induction and exhaust ports.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a valving arrangement that enhances volumetric efficiency and improves fuel consumption in an internal combustion engine.
An advantage of the present invention is the provision of a variable and efficient timing system for operating the valving arrangement of the present invention.


SUMMARY

The invention pertains to a four stroke internal combustion engine, and provides a single induction valve and a single exhaust valve, each of which are two times bigger than the valves of a typical four valve cylinder. Also included is a timing system with only one spring and two bearing-like gears with caming lobes for actuating movement of the valves.
The exhaust valve is part of an exhaust valve assembly selectively covers an exhaust port circumferentially located about a top wall of a cylinder without interfering with segments of a piston. The exhaust valve assembly includes a ring-shaped portion of a cylinder lining which is configured to selectively obstruct air from escaping radially from the top of the cylinder. The exhaust port is opened and closed by the lifting of the exhaust valve assembly (30) by a vertical guillotine-type motion.
The induction valve is included in an intake valve assembly and is provided on a cylinder head. The intake valve assembly has a ring or washer shape. The ring shaped induction valve thus provides a single, large opening in a cylinder head for induction of a combustible mixture.
The timing of both valves is faciliated by a single spring and induction and exhaust gear-like, planar timing bearings. Each of the induction timing bearing and the exhaust timing bearing have a caming surface provided thereon to face the other bearing. The induction timing bearing and the exhaust timing bearing are followed by respective roller tappets. The valving and timing arrangement faciliate the flexibility in the design of a combustion chamber.
Thus, the dynamics of the induction and exhaust timing systems are inverted with respect to one another, but both systems share a common biasing spring and a common variable driving shaft.


BRIEF DESCRIP

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