Internal-combustion engines – Two-cycle – Whirl through piston-controlled ports
Reexamination Certificate
2002-08-27
2004-05-18
Kamen, Noah P. (Department: 3747)
Internal-combustion engines
Two-cycle
Whirl through piston-controlled ports
C123S0650VB, C123S08100R, C123S188400, C123S188500
Reexamination Certificate
active
06736090
ABSTRACT:
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a valve device for use in suction/exhaust of a cylinder in an engine or an external combustion engine and a pump.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Conventional engines use a bevel valve, called a mushroom valve, as a valve for suction/exhaust of the cylinder, and, to establish timing between the rising/lowering movement of the piston and the opening/closing of the valve, interlocking the two elements with each other by means of gears, chains or cams.
The mushroom valve has a small valve opening area and is incapable of increasing the opening area in terms of its structure, so that when it is desired to improve the suction/exhaust efficiency to enable high-speed rotations, a plurality of mushroom valves needs to be provided, resulting in a complicated interlocking mechanism with the piston.
Additionally, in case of the valve device such as the mushroom valve for use in the conventional engine, the internal pressure acting on the valve disc is determined only by the area of the valve (the opening area of the valve seat, or the total area thereof when a plurality of valves are provided) irrespective of the cylinder diameter. For this reason, an increase in the valve area to improve the exhaust efficiency may induce an increase in the energy loss from opening the valve.
The crankcase compression type two-cycle engine makes use of the crankcase for scavenging, and hence has a poor scavenging efficiency, and requires mixing of a lubricant into fuel. This makes it difficult to solve the exhaust gas problems.
It is therefore a first object of the present invention to allow the suction/exhaust valve of the cylinder to be linked with motion of the piston without using any additional interlocking mechanism such as gears.
A second object of the present invention is to increase the valve area while minimizing the energy loss from opening the valve, to thereby enhance the intake/discharge efficiency for efficient operation.
A third object of the present invention is not to use the crankcase for scavenging, even in two-cycle engines, thereby eliminating the need to mix the lubricant and fuel, to obtain an improved exhaust gas.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A first embodiment of the invention provides an engine, having a valve device, the valve device comprising a cylinder into which a fluid is supplied, a piston mounted in the cylinder, and a valve for providing switching between suction and exhaust of a pressure fluid to and from the cylinder. The valve device comprises a valve seat defined by an opening for fluid inflow formed in an end face of the cylinder, the opening being smaller in area than the end face of the piston; and a valve disc arranged outside of the valve seat, the valve disc coming into abutment against the valve seat; wherein the cylinder is moveable in the axial direction, the end face of the cylinder capable of coming into or out of contact with the valve disc, wherein when the interior of the cylinder is pressurized as a result of abutment of the valve seat against the valve disc, the end face of the cylinder is urged toward the valve disc so that the valve seat and the valve disc are brought into press-contact with each other, and wherein the movement of the cylinder is controlled by the movement of the piston.
An engine, having a valve device, is configured such that the cylinder includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder, the upper cylinder being urged downward, the lower cylinder being urged upward, the lower cylinder having at its lower end a raised portion against which the lower end of the piston abuts, that when the piston rises, the lower cylinder also rises and thrusts up the upper cylinder to close the valve seat so that the valve seat comes into press-contact with the valve disc when the interior of the cylinder is pressurized, and that when the piston falls, the lower cylinder is disengaged from the upper cylinder so that an outlet is formed between the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder and that the valve seat is opened to form an opening.
It is to be noted that the engine intended for the present invention can include a pump, as well as the internal combustion engine and the external combustion engine.
The end face of the cylinder may be provided by an ordinary cylinder having an end face integrated with the cylinder body, or the cylinder can be of a type including a cylinder end face element that is fitted to an end portion of the cylinder body in such a manner that the cylinder end face element is movable along the central axis of the cylinder.
A second embodiment of the invention provides an engine, having a valve device, the valve device comprising a cylinder to which a fluid is supplied, a piston mounted in the cylinder, and a valve for providing switching between suction and exhaust of a pressure fluid to and from the cylinder, the valve device comprising a valve seat defined by an opening for fluid inflow formed in an end face of the cylinder, the opening being smaller in area than the end face of the piston; and a valve disc arranged outside of the valve seat, the valve disc coming into abutment against the valve seat, wherein
the cylinder is movable in its axial direction, the end face of the cylinder capable of coming into or out of contact with the valve disc, wherein
when the interior of the cylinder is pressurized as a result of abutment of the valve seat against the valve disc, the end face of the cylinder is urged toward the valve disc so that the valve seat and the valve disc are brought into press-contact with each other, and wherein the movement of the cylinder is controlled by the movement of the piston.
An engine, having a valve device, is configured such that above the cylinder are formed an inlet and an outlet, the inlet and the outlet each having a check valve, that the piston is urged upward by a piston spring, that the cylinder is urged upward by a cylinder spring, that the cylinder is provided at its lower end with a lock pin capable of being engaged with or disengaged from the cylinder for locking or unlocking the cylinder, the lock pin being controlled by an interlocking mechanism so as to come into or out of contact with the cylinder depending on the rotation of a crank, that the check valve of the outlet above the cylinder is opened for exhaust when the piston rises with the lock pin engaged with the cylinder, the check valve of the inlet being opened for introduction of new air when the piston falls with the lock pin engaged with the cylinder, and that combustion gas is emitted from the outlet above the cylinder when the piston falls with the lock pin disengaged from the cylinder.
A third embodiment of the invention provides an engine, having a valve device, the valve device comprising a cylinder into which a fluid is supplied, a piston mounted in the cylinder, and a valve for providing switching between suction and exhaust of a pressure fluid to and from the cylinder, the valve device comprising a valve seat defined by an opening for fluid inflow formed in an end face of the cylinder, the opening being smaller in area than the end face of the piston; and a valve disc arranged outside of the valve seat, the valve disc coming into abutment against the valve seat, wherein the cylinder is movable in its axial direction, the end face of the cylinder capable of coming into or out of contact with the valve disc, wherein when the interior of the cylinder is pressurized as a result of abutment of the valve seat against the valve disc, the end face of the cylinder is urged toward the valve disc so that the valve seat and the valve disc are brought into press-contact with each other, wherein the movement of the cylinder is controlled by the movement of the piston.
An engine, having a valve device, is configured such that the cylinder is urged upward by a cylinder spring, the cylinder having at its lower end a raised portion against which the lower end of the piston abuts, that a rotary valve is disposed between an inlet and an outlet above the cylinder, and that the rotary valve acts
Chapman and Cutler LLP
Kamen Noah P.
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