Dentistry – Apparatus – Having intra-oral dispensing means
Patent
1990-02-12
1992-09-08
Hirsch, Paul J.
Dentistry
Apparatus
Having intra-oral dispensing means
433 80, 433 91, 433 95, 433216, A61C 110, A61C 112, A61C 1702, A61C 1706, A61C 1714
Patent
active
051453673
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a vacuum instrument for dental treatment, T.
A vacuum instrument for the treatment of the root canals of teeth is known from CH A 294 164. It serves for the treatment of tooth cavities for the purpose of rinsing and drying thereof. In this case, a suction cap with a conical wall is used in such a way that by appropriate expansion, as a cap, it encloses the crown of the tooth to be treated. In this state, by means of the reversible valve, instead of the vacuum pump, the supply of treatment solution is connected to the vacuum space produced, which then flows into the tooth as the vacuum disappears and can be removed again by subsequent evacuation. For the removal of the entire device, the valve is completely closed, whereupon the cap can be removed from the tooth.
For disinfectant treatment of the tooth, according to FR A 2 588 469, a U shaped body consisting of porous material, approximately adapted to the shape of a tooth, at the end of a toothbrush-like handle is known, which can be supplied from the grip of the handle with a treatment agent in such a way that on its inside it transfers this agent to the teeth. The treatment agent is placed under slight excess pressure for acting on the teeth.
In comparison therewith, the present invention provides a vacuum instrument, which is intended to permit parodontological treatment of the tooth pockets. Normally the crevice between the tooth pocket wall and tooth wall is not accessible for treatment, because this gap is closed by the capillary adhesion and is unreachable. These forces are greater the narrower the crevice. In this case, the gum with the interdental papillae lies directly on the surface of the tooth and in the region of the neck of the tooth and of the interdental gaps forms a very slender crevice, the so-called gum pockets, which may be of greater or lesser depth and which are under the action of the capillary forces. Despite the capillary adhesion, foreign bodies enter these free spaces, which can no longer be removed, so that in the bottom of the gum pocket, they are frequently subject to bacterial decomposition.
Due to the patent claims proposed in order to achieve the object set, the aforementioned capillary adhesion forces are overcome and the open crevices are made accessible to medication in a particularly effective manner.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevation of the vacuum instrument.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the vacuum and rinsing sequence.
The present invention is based on the fact that by means of the suction cap, a sealed vacuum can be produced over the gum pockets and interdental crevices. This is the prerequisite for the beginning of the action. As regards the type of action of the vacuum instrument, it should be mentioned in advance that in very narrow crevices, in which the lateral surfaces lie directly one against the other, molecular forces and attraction forces between wall and liquid molecules exist, which cause the phenomenon of "capillary adhesion", known by the term capillary tube effect. This manifests itself in that in a very narrow tube=capillary tube immersed in water, the water rises, so that the liquid level within the capillary tube is higher than outside. This sucking-in of the liquid is caused by the capillary attraction forces, which also draw liquids into crevices and retain them there intensively. The narrower the crevice, the greater the capillary action, thus it is inversely proportional to the narrowness of the cavity. These capillary forces are cancelled out by vacuum and the contents of the crevice are sucked outwards, i.e. into the vacuum. Solely under these conditions do the crevices set free and empty themselves of the contents (liquid and suspended particles located therein) previously retained by the capillary forces.
Similar conditions exist in the dental region. In this case, the gum with the interdental papillae rests directly on the surface of the tooth and in the region of the neck of the tooth and the interdental gaps forms an extremely slender crevic
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patent: 4215476 (1980-08-01), Armstrong
patent: 4248589 (1981-02-01), Lewis
patent: 4340365 (1982-07-01), Pisanu
patent: 4917603 (1990-04-01), Haack
Cherichetti C. A.
Durr Dental GmbH & Co KG
Hirsch Paul J.
Philpitt Fred
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