Use of Tarchonanthus camphoratus for repelling insects and allev

Details Use of Tarchonanthus camphoratus for repelling insects and allev Use of Tarchonanthus camphoratus for repelling insects and allev

1995-07-10

1997-03-04

Henley, III, Raymond

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Antigen, epitope, or other immunospecific immunoeffector

Conjugate or complex

A61K 3578

Patent

active

056076746

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
This application is a 371 of PCT/EP93/02997 filed Oct. 28, 1993.
This invention relates to new uses of the Tarchonanthus camphoratus, utilization of its leaves, roots and branches either fresh, dried, soaked, extracted or in the form of essential oil.
The Tarchonanthus camphoratus is a shrub rearing in the wild in different African regions especially in the Rift uplands area. An experimental growing took also place in Italy (Canzonieri and Spica; Gazz. Chim. Ital. 1882, 227).
The shrub, mostly unknown by botanists, has different nares such as: Wild cotton, Sage wood, Wildesalie, Kamferhout, Kamferbos, Sieriehout, Vaalbos, Veld-vaalbos, Vaaibos, Sauto Mofahlana, Rolog e Thaalaping mohathla, well known in the local Swahili dialect with the name of "Leleshua", in the abissianian language "Ebok" and so on, or simply with the botanic name of Tarchonanthus camphoratus.
The Tarchonanthus camphoratus is a shrub reaching 2-4 m height; belonging to the Composite family, it has regular branches with velutinous white-greenish oval or lanceolate shaped leaves ranging from 4 to 13 cm lenght having a strong camphorated aromatic smell, whence its Linneana denomination.
This plant, with its wool-like, spike shaped flower heads is mentioned only in "The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern Africa" by John Mitchell Watt and Maria Gerdina Breyer-Brandwijk--Edimburgh, 1932 and in Paolo Rovesti's communication, presented at the XXIX International Congress of Industrial Chemistry in Paris in December 1956, "Ecological influences on the composition of the essential oils".
In the literature, mentioned herewith, various applications of this plant are known. Tanzania (Die Pflanzenwelt Afrikas--Tell B. Berlin, 1895, 357). Bd. XI, 2, 47). using its leaves in fumigations and infusions (Die Blutenpflanzen Afrikas--Berlin 1908). as Salvia officinalis (sage) (Die Heilpflanzen--Stuttgart 1898, 589). properties/activities of Tarchonantus Camphoratus leaves (Gazz. Chim. Ital. 1882, 227). Africa smoke the plant leaves using it as tobacco thanks to their slight narcosis forms. They are also used in fumigations against heathache, rheumatism and infusions (The medicinal and poisonous Plants of South Africa--Edimburg--1932, 189) against dyspepsia and toothache.--Pappe tells leaves contain some camphor but he gives no practical proof (Floras Capensis Medicae Prodromus--Capetown--1868, 178). characteristics (De Volkggeneskunst in Transvaal--Leyden, 1919). Eritrea to the Farmacognosia Laboratory of Turin University, an essence having a strong camphorated smell, with a yield of 0.1% and the following peculiarity: D 0,9152; i.a. 2,1; i.s. 11,8; i.s. after acethylene 85; I. Iodine 188,5; solubility 1:0.5 in alcohol at 95.degree. (Boll. Inf. Econ. Minist. Colonie--Roma, 1924, n. 1). distillations made in February (dried season) and in August (damp season) which took place in the Ethiopian tableland (XXIX International Congress of Industrial Chemistry, above cited).


______________________________________ I.S. Yield after % d.sub.15 .degree. .sub.D 20 n.sub.D .sup.20 I.S. acethyl. Sol. ______________________________________ Feb- 0.108 0.9171 -7.degree.23' 1.4681 31.73 149.33 1:3A ruary 70.degree. essence August 0.209 0.8968 -2.degree.15' 1.4718 18.67 41.07 1:3A essence 90.degree. ______________________________________
It has now been found, and this is the subject of this invention, that some parts of the plant, in particular its leaves, fresh or dried and their derivatives, have some special insect repelling, insecticide, anti-edema, decongestant, anti-irritating and soothing properties that might be profitably used for therapeutic applications both for humans and animals.
The derivatives of this invention concern the Tarchonanthus camphoratus extracts obtained through an extraction as mentioned for example in the Italian Pharmacopeia.
Examples of extraction methods are: maceration, decoction, percolation and distillation.
There are then different derivatives such as the aqueous, the glycolic, the alcohol

REFERENCES:
Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 28 B ed. pp. 828-829 (1982).
Medical Botany, Published 1983 by John Wiley & Sons (New York) pp. 370-371.
Derwent Abstract #66-33730F, Wilmans, J. J. (1967).

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