Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Live hair or scalp treating compositions – Polymer containing
Reexamination Certificate
1999-03-29
2003-05-13
Dees, Jose′ G. (Department: 1619)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Live hair or scalp treating compositions
Polymer containing
C424S070160
Reexamination Certificate
active
06562325
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to novel non-aerosal, low VOC polyacrylic acid-containing hair cosmetic compositions, particularly hair fixative compositions, which contain nonionically derivatized starches and to a process for setting hair utilizing such compositions.
In their most basic form, hair cosmetic compositions contain a film-forming polymer, which acts as the cosmetic, and a delivery system, which is usually one or more alcohols, a mixture of alcohol and water, or water.
The hair setting or styling process ordinarily involves the application of an aqueous solution or dispersion of one or more film-forming materials to combed hair which has previously been wetted or dampened whereupon the treated hair is wound on curlers or otherwise styled and dried. In the alternative, application of this solution or dispersion may be to hair which has already been styled and dried. Once the aqueous solution or dispersion has dried, the individual hairs will have a film deposited thereon which presence will prolong the retention of curls or other desired configurations in the user's hair. Furthermore, the presence of such films will impart such desirable properties as body and smoothness.
To be effective, the film-forming ingredients of a hair cosmetic composition preferably meet a number of requirements. The film derived from these ingredients should be flexible, yet possess strength and elasticity. The ingredients should display good adhesion to hair so as to avoid dusting or flaking off with the passage of time or when the hair is subjected to stress; should not interfere with the combing and brushing of the hair; should remain free of tack or gumminess under humid conditions; should be clear, transparent, and glossy, and should maintain clarity upon aging. Further, the ingredients should maintain good anti-static properties and should be easily removable by washing with water and either a soap or shampoo.
Many film-forming agents have been used in hair cosmetic compositions including, for example, a colloidal solution containing a gum such as tragacanth or a resin such as shellac. The films formed of these materials are, however, quite brittle and the form holding the setting is easily broken if the hair is disturbed. This not only reduces the hair holding power of the material, but also leads to undesirable flaking. Further, some of these film-formers, particularly the resins, are water insoluble and therefore not easily removed with water and soap or shampoo.
Starches are often preferred over resins as they are more cost effective and natural. Hair cosmetic compositions which contain starches are also known in the art. For example, GB 1,285,547 discloses a hair setting composition containing a highly substituted cationic starch having an amylose content of more than 50% by weight. EP 487 000 discloses cosmetic compositions which contain enzymatically degraded, optionally crosslinked starches. However, such derivatives are not significantly soluble in water.
Due to environmental regulations controlling the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the atmosphere, VOC emissions have been restricted to 80% in some states, and will soon be restricted to 55% in California. VOC is measured as a wt/wt % based upon the hair cosmetic formulation. As used herein, a volatile organic compound containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, which has a vapor pressure of at least 0.1 mm Hg at 20° C., and is photochemically active. Water is generally substituted for at least a portion of the volatile organic compounds and so has become a greater component in hair cosmetic compositions.
Water is generally substituted for at least a portion of the volatile organic compounds and so has become a greater component in hair cosmetic compositions. Such aqueous-based compositions not only meet the low VOC regulations, but are also environmentally friendly and generally lower in cost.
Most starches are incompatible with water in that they are not fully soluble or dispersible, resulting in starch precipitates. Further, most starches are incompatible with the thickener polyacrylic acid, causing the hair cosmetic to lose its viscosity. Surprisingly, it has now been discovered that nonionically derivatized starches are useful in low VOC, polyacrylic acid containing hair cosmetic compositions in that they provide a clear solution with a stable viscosity, good fixative properties, and improved humidity resistance.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a non-aerosol, polyacrylic acid containing, low VOC hair cosmetic compositions which contain nonionically derivatized starches, particularly those derivatized by alkylene oxides. The starch may be hydrolyzed, particularly enzymatically hydrolyzed by at least one endo-enzyme. In addition, the derivatized, hydrolyzed starch may be modified, particularly cationically with a low degree of substitution. Use of such starches is novel and advantageous in that they are compatible with polyacrylic acid, providing a clear solution with a stable viscosity. Further, the resultant composition provides a clear film which is not tacky, good stiffness, improved humidity resistance, and substantive to hair and skin.
The present hair cosmetic composition contains a hair fixative effective amount of the starch, particularly from about 0.5 to about 15% by weight, up to about 15% of a solvent, 0.1-1.0% polyacrylic acid by weight, a neutralizer in an amount necessary to neutralize the polyacrylic acid and sufficient water to bring the composition up to 100%.
An object of this invention is to provide a novel low VOC polyacrylic acid containing hair cosmetic composition which contains nonionically derivatized starches.
Another object of this invention is to provide a novel hair cosmetic composition which contains polyacrylic acid and nonionically derivatized starches which have been hydrolyzed.
Still another object of this invention is to provide a novel hair cosmetic composition which contains polyacrylic acid and starches which have been derivatized with propylene oxide and enzymatically hydrolyzed.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide a novel hair cosmetic composition which contains polyacrylic acid and starches which have been nonionically derivatized, hydrolyzed, and cationically modified to a low DS.
A further object of this invention is to provide a novel hair cosmetic composition which contains polyacrylic acid and starches which have been derivatized with propylene oxide, enzymatically hydrolyzed and modified with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethly ammonium chloride.
A still further object of this invention is to provide a novel low VOC, polyacrylic acid containing hair cosmetic composition which includes starch and has improved humidity resistance, and superior stability.
These and other objects of the present invention will become apparent to one skilled in the art from the following detailed description and examples below.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a low VOC, non-aerosol, polyacrylic acid containing hair cosmetic compositions which contain nonionically derivatized starches, particularly those derivatized by alkylene oxides. The derivatized starch may be hydrolyzed, particularly enzymatically hydrolyzed by at least one endo-enzyme. In addition, the derivatized starch may be cationically modified with a low degree of substitution (DS). The degree of substitution, as used herein, is intended to describe the number of ester substituted groups per anhydroglucose unit of the starch molecule. Use of such starches is novel and advantageous in that they are compatible with polyacrylic acid, providing a clear, low VOC solution with a stable viscosity. Further, the resultant composition provides a clear film which is not tacky, good stiffness, and improved humidity resistance.
The present hair cosmetic composition contains a hair fixative effective amount of the starch, particularly from about 0.5 to about 15% by weight, more particularly from about 2 to about 10%; l
Cottrell Ian W.
Martino Gary T.
Solarek Daniel B.
Tolchinsky Maria
Vitale Melissa J.
Dees Jose′ G.
Kaiser Karen G.
National Starch and Chemical Investment Holding Corporation
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