Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Dentifrices
Patent
1994-08-26
1996-07-23
Killos, Paul J.
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Dentifrices
424 50, 424 54, 424 15, 424 52, A61K 716
Patent
active
055387144
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This Application is a 371 of PCT/GB93/00389 25 Feb. 1993.
The present invention relates to a method of reducing the adherence of bacteria to tooth surfaces, to oral hygiene compositions comprising polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) for use in such methods and to processes for the preparing such compositions.
Bacteria present in the oral cavity, as part of the normal microflora thereof, may be deposited in the pellicle formed on the tooth enamel and then be transformed into plaque. This may in turn lead to caries, calculus and periodontal disease. Accordingly methods for reducing the adherence of bacteria to the tooth enamel should be of benefit in oral hygiene as they should be associated with reduced plaque formation. Agents used in such methods are commonly referred to as "anti-adherence" agents. Examples of such already in use include silicone polymers. Anti-adherence agents modify the tooth surfaces, thereby interfering with the normal bacterial absorption mechanisms.
We have now surprisingly found that polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) has anti-adherence properties. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone has previously been included in oral hygiene compositions, at comparatively low levels (typically about 0.1%) as an auxilliary thickening agent and foam enhancer. In addition, PVP has been proposed for use in oral hygiene compositions, in dentifrices as an agent to remove stain, in particular tobacco stain (GB 741 315, Colgate Palmolive-Peet Co), and in conjunction with chlorophyll, to inhibit the formation of stain associated therewith (GB 739 936, Colgate-Palmolive Co). More recently, PVP has also been suggested as an additive for dentifrices packaged in plastics dispensers, to reduce the release of volatile flavour oils therefrom (U.S. Pat. No. 4,590,065, Colgate-Palmolive Co).
Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of reducing or preventing the adherence of oral bacteria to tooth enamel, which method comprises applying an anti-adherence effective amount of polyvinyl pyrrolidone to the oral cavity.
Such a method of treatment has the advantage or reducing or preventing the adherence of oral bacteria to tooth enamel and thereby reducing the amount of subsequent plaque formation.
Polyvinyl pyrrolidone suitable for use in the present invention preferably has an average molecular weight in the range 5,000 to 100,000, more preferably in the range 5,000 to 50,000. Grades of polyvinyl pyrrolidone of average molecular weight 10,000 and 40,000 are available from Sigma Chemical Co whilst a grade with an average molecular weight of 30,000 is available from GAF Corporation.
Polvinyl pyrrolidone for use in the present invention will preferably be presented in an oral hygiene composition further comprising a dentally acceptable excipient or carrier. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone is suitably present in at least 1%, preferably between 2 and 30%, more preferably between 5 and 25%, advantageously between 10 and 25%, by weight of such composition.
Oral hygiene compositions of the present invention may also usefully comprise in an antiplaque agent. Suitable anti-plaque agents include cationic antibacterial agents such as the bis-biguanides chlorhexidine and alexidine and orally acceptable salts thereof and quaternary ammonium compounds such as cetyl pyridinium chloride and also noncationic antibacterial agents such as triclosan, bromochlorophene and hexachlorophene. Suitably, the antiplaque agent is incorporated at from 0.001 to 10%, preferably from 0.01 to 5% by weight of the composition.
Oral hygiene compositions according to the present invention may also usefully comprise a fluoride ion source, to provide an anti-caries activity. Suitable fluoride ion sources include metal fluoride salts, for instance alkali metal fluoride salts such as sodium fluoride, amine fluoride salts, alkali metal monofluorophosphate salts such as sodium monofluorophosphate and amine monofluorophosphate salts. Suitably the fluoride ion source may, if present, provide from 50 to 3500 ppm, preferably 100 to 2500 ppm of fluoride ions.
Orally hygiene compositions of th
REFERENCES:
patent: 2783182 (1957-02-01), Nelson, Jr.
patent: 5130124 (1992-07-01), Marianos
Pink Carol S.
Smith Andrew W.
Smith Jane L.
Kanagy James M.
Killos Paul J.
King William T.
Lentz Edward T.
SmithKline Beecham Plc
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