Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser – Synthetic resins – From reactant having at least one -n=c=x group as well as...
Reexamination Certificate
1995-01-24
2002-04-16
Gorr, Rachel (Department: 1711)
Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser
Synthetic resins
From reactant having at least one -n=c=x group as well as...
C528S080000, C424S486000, C424S070110, C424SDIG001, C132S202000, C427S002140
Reexamination Certificate
active
06372876
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to the use of polyurethanes which are soluble or dispersible in water and are composed of
a) at least one compound which contains two or more active hydrogens per molecule,
b) at least one diol containing acid groups or salt groups and
c) at least one diisocyanate with a glass transition temperature of at least 15° C. and acid numbers of from 12 to 150 or the salts of these polyurethanes as aids in cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions, and to polyurethanes which are soluble or dispersible in water.
Polyurethanes which are at least partially biodegradable and contain hydroxy carboxylic acid copolymerized units have been disclosed. Either they are insoluble in water, like the polyurethane from polylactic acid diol and diisocyanate disclosed in SU-A-1 016 314, or they form films which are too soft, like the polyurethanes from poly(&egr;-caprolactone diol)dimethylolpropionic acid and diisocyanates disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,098,743 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,147,679.
Water-soluble polyurethanes which contain carboxyl-containing diols as copolymerized units are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,412,054 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,658,939. They are used as adhesives and in coatings and printing inks. Sulfonate- and/or carboxylate-containing polyurethanes which are dispersible in water are disclosed in DE-A-15 70 615. They are used, for example, for coating and impregnating textiles, leather, paper, wood and metals.
In cosmetics, hair-treatment compositions which are, for example, in the form of setting preparations or sprays are used for setting, improving the structure and shaping the hair. These compositions are composed mainly of a solution of film-forming resins or synthetic polymers. The following film formers have hitherto been mainly used in such compositions: shellac, homo- and copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone, copolymers of vinyl ethers and maleic monoesters, of (meth)acrylic acid or the esters and amides thereof and crotonic acid with vinyl esters.
The hair-treatment compositions are applied to the hair by spraying in the form of solutions, preferably in ethanol. After the solvent has evaporated, the hair is held in in the desired shape by the polymer remaining at the points of contact. The polymers must, on the one hand, be sufficiently hydrophilic to be washed out of the hair but, on the other hand, be hydrophobic so that hair treated with the polymers retains its shape and does not become sticky even when the humidity is high.
The polymeric film formers disclosed to date, such as polyvinylpyrrolidones, usually have the disadvantage of excessive uptake of water when the humidity is high. This property results, inter alia, in unwanted adhesion of the hair and in a loss of strength of the setting, and thus collapse of the hair style. If, on the other hand, the resistance to high humidity is improved, eg. with copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone and vinyl acetate, the elasticity of the film suffers, and the brittleness of these films after the treatment of the hair may even result in unpleasant dust formation and a flaky coating. In addition, there are great difficulties in particular with washing out of the hair. The above-mentioned synthetic hair-treatment compositions are not biodegradable because their C—C chain resists hydrolysis. Shellac is, on the other hand, biodegradable but has many disadvantages for the treatment of hair. Thus, its properties are not as good as those of the homo- and copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone, especially with regard to the adhesiveness, solubility in water and rigidity. Since shellac is a natural product, its properties are subject to wide variation.
It is an object of the present invention to provide aids for cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions, as well as novel substances.
We have found that the first object is achieved by using polyurethanes which are soluble or dispersible in water and are composed of
a) at least one compound which contains two or more active hydrogens per molecule,
b) at least one diol containing acid groups or salt groups and
c) at least one diisocyanate with a glass transition temperature of at least 15° C. and acid numbers of from 12 to 150 or the salts of these polyurethanes as aids in cosmetic and pharmaceutical compositions.
We have found that the other object is achieved by polyurethanes which are soluble or dispersible in water and are composed of
a) at least one compound which contains two or more active hydrogens per molecule,
b) at least one diol containing acid groups or salt groups and
c) at least one diisocyanate with acid numbers of from 12 to 150 or the salts of this polyurethane, which contain as compounds in group (a) at least 5 mol % of a polycondensate of lactic acid and of a polyol of the formula
where
Y is a radical derived from a dihydric to tetrahydric alcohol,
n is 1-50 and
m is 1-4,
as copolymerized units.
Suitable for the use according to the invention are all polyurethanes which are soluble or dispersible in water, contain the abovementioned components a) to c) as copolymerized units, and have a glass transition temperature of at least 15° C. and acid numbers of from 12 to 150, as well as the salts of the polyurethanes. Suitable compounds in group a) are all compounds which can be employed for preparing polyurethanes and have 2 or more active hydrogens per molecule. Examples of suitable compounds in group a) are diols, diamines, polyesterols, polyetherols or mixtures of said compounds, it being possible to replace up to 3 mol % of said compounds by triols or triamines. Examples of suitable diols are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, polyetherols such as polyethylene glycols with molecular weights up to 3000, block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with number average molecular weights of up to 3000 or copolymers of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and butylene oxide, which contain the alkylene oxide units distributed randomly or in the form of blocks. The diols and polyetherols preferably used are ethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, pentaethylene glycol and hexaethylene glycol.
Examples of suitable diamines are ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, 1,4-diaminobutane and hexamethylenediamine, as well as &agr;,&ohgr;-diamines which can be prepared by the amination of polyalkylene oxides, especially polyethylene oxides, with ammonia.
Also suitable as compounds in group a) are all polyesterols which are normally employed to prepare polyurethanes, eg. products of the reaction of phthalic acid and diethylene glycol, isophthalic acid and 1,4-butanediol, isophthalic acid/adipic acid and 1,6-hexanediol, and adipic acid and ethylene glycol.
Particularly suitable polyesterols are poly(&agr;-hydroxy carboxylic acid diols) of the formula
where
R
1
and R
2
are each H, C
1
-C
5
-alkyl or aryl,
R is a radical derived from a diol (alkylene radical) with 2-8 carbons,
n and m are each 1-30.
R in formula I is preferably —CH
2
—CH
2
—,
and R
1
and R
2
are preferably each CH
3
.
Examples of &agr;-hydroxy carboxylic acids which are suitable for preparing the poly(&agr;-hydroxy carboxylic acid diols) are lactic acid, &agr;-hydroxybutyric acid, lactide and glyoxylic acid. Lactic acid is preferably employed, and all the isomers are suitable: L-, D- and DL-lactic acid.
It is-also possible to use mixtures of compounds in group a) to prepare the polyurethanes, eg. mixtures of a diol and of a polyesterol, or of a diol and polyetherols. Up to 3 mol % of said compounds can be replaced by triols or triamines in the mixtures. Examples of suitable triols are glycerol, trimethylolethane or trimethylolpropane. Particularly suitable triamines are diethylenetriamine or dipropylenetriamine.
Compounds in group b) which can be employed to prepare the polyurethanes are all diols which contain acid groups or salt groups and are customary for this purpose. Particularly suitable are dimethylolpropanoic acid, compounds of the formula
R in the formulae II and III is in each case a C
2
-C
18
-alkylene group
Kim Son Nguyen
Sanner Axel
Sperling-Vietmeier Karin
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Gorr Rachel
LandOfFree
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