Food or edible material: processes – compositions – and products – Direct application of electrical or wave energy to food... – Involving ionizing radiation – e.g. – beta rays – x-rays – gamma...
Reexamination Certificate
2000-09-28
2003-03-18
Sayala, Chhaya D. (Department: 1761)
Food or edible material: processes, compositions, and products
Direct application of electrical or wave energy to food...
Involving ionizing radiation, e.g., beta rays, x-rays, gamma...
C426S641000, C426S644000, C426S646000, C426S647000, C426S657000, C426S805000, C426S807000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06534104
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an animal feed and to a method for preparing an animal feed. More particularly, this invention relates to an enhanced method for preparing an animal feed and to an enhanced animal feed. More particularly still, this invention relates to the use of irradiation technology to at least one feed component for a feed provided to an animal whereby an enhancement is provided, to the animal, including but not limited to, feed gain performance of the animal and pathogen reduction in diet content.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Feedlots (including operations where a pig or hog is fed) house numerous animals being fed under a management system to optimize animal quality and satisfactory return on investment for the feedlot operator. The size of the animals range from small to large. The objective is to feed the animals and then market them.
Such animals generally have been bought in many locations and come from diverse situations and are put together for the purpose of having the animals attain weight gain. The animals can be properly observed in the feedlot and cared for as necessary. The animals are kept in small groups in lots or pens. Each of the pens has suitable feeding and watering means for the animals. A pen can have one or many animals in it.
Proper care in the feedlot is managed so the animals are properly cared for, including properly attending to their food needs, water, nutrition and any veterinarian medical needs.
A feedlot operator, such as a swine producer who feeds pigs and hogs, wants to make sure that the pigs are well cared for, are attended to and since the feedlot is a business, the swine producer is concerned with high weight gain of the pigs and their good nutrition. Especially important to the swine producer is being able to have young pigs gain very quickly especially after weaning. To the swine producer, the capability to convert expensive pig and hog feed into sustaining weight gain is a critical factor in the successful operation of a hog feeding operation. It is very important to feed young pigs a diet rich in amino acids, including lysine, and the like, so that the young pig has a very enhanced growth period.
Young pigs are generally fed as many as four or six (probably sequential staged) diets or more. The composition of these customized diets produced by the feedlot operator are a function of the age of the pig and progress of the pig on the diet among other factors. The feedlot operators utilizes such staged diets to enhance weight gain objective.
Operating costs are important to a feedlot operator. These costs include the overhead costs of operating a feedlot and veterinarian bills, vaccinations, feedlot building maintenance and overhead, heating, cooling, supplying water and the like. The amount of time that an animal spends in the feedlot should be minimized so that the operator's costs per pound gain are minimized. Since pigs are cycled through such an operation, achieving low cost per cycle is highly desired.
Nutrient requirements different from animal to animal and the same holds true with respect to pig to pig. Also the amount of feed required per pig differs because the pigs differ somewhat in weight, genetics, and the like. However an overall benefit is brought to the various cycles of pigs by this invention wherein the benefits are most noticed.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an enhanced method of producing an animal feed.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a method of enhancing the feeding of an animal.
It is a still further object of the invention to provide a method of enhancing the weight gain of an animal.
It is yet an additional object of the invention to provide a method of optimizing feed gain efficiency of an animal.
It is another object of the invention to provide an enhanced animal feed composition such as an irradiated feed.
It is yet an additional object to provide a higher average daily feed intake by feeding of a diet in accordance with this invention.
It is also an object of this invention to provide a method of optimizing feed lot (and pig feeding) operations.
The above and yet other objects are met in this invention which is described in more non-limiting detail hereinafter.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention comprises a method for preparing a nutritionally adequate diet for an animal, the diet having a reduced pathogen content and the diet containing an effective amount of at least one irradiated component selected from a grain and grain by-product, a fat source, a protein source or a lactose source, mixtures thereof and the like, which comprises providing a non or partially irradiated component to a suitable irradiation application means and applying an effective amount of radiation to the component(s) whereby an irradiated reduced pathogen component is produced and including the irradiated component in a diet fed to an animal.
In another embodiment, this invention comprises a method of enhancing the feeding of an animal which comprises feeding said animal and having said animal consume, as by eating, a nutritionally adequate diet, said diet comprising an effective amount of at least one irradiated component, said irradiated component selected from a grain and grain by-product, a fat source, a protein source or a lactose source, mixtures thereof and the like.
In yet another embodiment, this invention comprises a method of enhancing weight gain in an animal by feeding said animal an effective amount of a nutritionally adequate diet, said diet containing an effective amount of at least one irradiated component selected from a grain and grain by-product, a fat source, a protein source or a lactose source, mixtures thereof and the like.
In a still further embodiment, this invention comprises a method of optimizing feed gain efficiency in an animal which comprises feeding said animal an effective amount of a nutritionally adequate diet, wherein said diet comprises at least one irradiated component selected from a grain and grain by-product, a fat source, a protein source and a lactose source, mixtures thereof and the like and wherein the amount of said irradiated component is selected to optimize the feed gain of said animal.
In another embodiment, this invention comprises a method for optimizing feed lot production of animals, which comprises supplying to an animal a nutritionally adequate diet of reduced pathogen content, the diet containing an effective nutritional and volume amount of at least one irradiated component selected from a grain and grain by-product, a fat source, a protein source or a lactose source, mixtures thereof and the like and wherein the amount of the diet is optimized to the weight gain of the animals.
The invention is described in more non-limiting detail hereinafter.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
It is now achievable to provide a feed to an animal utilizing this invention which provides the animal with a reduced pathogen content nutritionally balanced diet so that the animal is well cared for and has an enhanced diet which this invention provides, especially in view of the present day desire to provide animals with the optimized energy and protein diet.
As used herein, the term “animal” includes but is not limited to pets, small animals, young ruminants, young pigs and the like. This invention provides enhancements for pigs with a weight in the range from about four pounds to less than about 50 pounds and preferably for pigs from about 4 lbs. to less than about 40 lbs. of weight and most preferably for pigs having a weight of about 4 lbs. to about 30 lbs.
As used herein the term “reduced” as applied to pathogen, means that the amount of pathogen is reduced as a result of irradiation treatment as compared to before radiation treatment.
Also as used herein throughout the term “feedlot(s)” includes any hog and pig feeding operation including any operation when a pig is fed.
The term “pathogen” is not limited and includes any pathogen including bacteria, viruses and the like.
Furthe
DeRouchey Joel M.
Dritz Steve S.
Goodband Robert D.
Nelssen Jim L.
Tokach Mike D.
Armstrong Teasdale LLP
Kansas State University Research Foundation
Sayala Chhaya D.
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