Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing – Automated chemical analysis – With a continuously flowing sample or carrier stream
Reexamination Certificate
2006-11-28
2006-11-28
Noguerola, Alex (Department: 1753)
Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
Automated chemical analysis
With a continuously flowing sample or carrier stream
C436S052000, C210S511000
Reexamination Certificate
active
07141429
ABSTRACT:
This invention provides methods for using liquid junction potentials to control the transport of charged particles in fluid streams that are in laminar flow within microfluidic channels. Applications of the methods of this invention include sample preconditioning (removal of interfering substances), electrophoretic separation (fractionation) of charged particles, enhanced or delayed mixing of charged particles across a fluid interface relative to diffusion only, focusing charged particles in a fluid stream in one or two dimensions, and concentration of charged reactants at a fluid interface.
REFERENCES:
patent: 6454945 (2002-09-01), Weigl et al.
patent: 6685809 (2004-02-01), Jacobson et al.
Bard and Faulkner, Eds.,Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications, 2nded., John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2001, p. 64.
Beard, D. A., “Response to ‘Comment on Taylor dispersion of a solute in a microfluidic channel’” (Dec. 2001)J. Appl. Phys., 90(12):6555-6556.
Beard, D. A., “Taylor dispersion of a solute in a microfluidic channel,” (Apr. 2001)J. Appl. Phys., 89(8):4667-4669.
Becker, H. and C. Gärtner, “Polymer microfabrication methods for microfluidic analytical applications,” (Jan. 2000)Electrophoresis21(1):12-26.
Becker, H. and L.E. Locascio, “Polymer microfluidic devices,” (Feb. 2002)Talanta, 56(2):267-287.
Beebe, D.J. et al., “Physics and applications of microfluidics in biology,” (Aug. 2002)Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, 4:261-286.
Bier, M. et al., “Electrophoresis: mathematical modeling and computer simulation,” (1983)Science219(4590):1281-1287.
Borchard, G., “Chitosans for gene delivery,” (Nov. 2001)Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews52:145-150.
Borge, G. et al., “On the liquid junction potential for the determination of equilibrium constants by means of the potentiometric technique without constant ionic strength,” (1997)J. Electroanal. Chem., 440:183-192.
Brody, J.P. et al., “Biotechnology at low Reynolds Nos.,” (1996)Biophys. J., 71:3430-3441.
Cabrera, C. R. et al., “Formation of natural pH gradients in a microfluidic device under flow conditions: model and experimental validation,” (Feb. 2001)Anal. Chem. 73:658-666 [published on web Dec. 29, 2000].
Chan, C.K. and D.A. Jans, “Using nuclear targeting signals to enhance non-viral gene transfer,” (Apr. 2002)Immunology and Cell Biology80(2):119-130.
Chován, T. and A. Guttman, “Microfabricated devices in biotechnology and biochemical processing,” (Mar. 2002)Trends in Biotechnology20(3):116-122.
Christiansen, T. F., “The Achilles' heel of potentiometric measurements, the liquid junction potential,” (1986)IEEE Trans.Biomed.Eng. 33:79-82.
Cobben, P.L. et al., “Chemically modified ion-sensitive field-effect transistors: elimination of the liquid junction potential in a double sensor flow-injection analysis cell,” (1993)Anal. Chim. Acta276:347-352.
Davis, M.E., “Non-viral gene delivery systems,” (Apr. 2002)Current Opinion in Biotechnology13(2):128-131.
De Jesus, O.L.P. et al., “Polyester dendritic systems for drug delivery applications: In vitro and in vivo evaluation” (2002)Bioconjugate Chemistry13(3): 453-461 [published on Web Apr. 24, 2002].
Demas, J.N. et al., “Fluorescence detection in hydrohynamically focused sample streams: reduction of diffusional defocusing by association of analyte with high-molecular-weight species,” (1998)Appl. Spectrosc. 52(5):755-762.
De Smedt, S.C. et al., “Cationic polymer based gene delivery systems,” (Feb. 2000)Pharmaceutical Research17(2):113-126.
Dorfman, K. D. and Brenner, H. “Comment on Taylor dispersion of a solute in a microfluidic channel,” (Dec. 2001)J. Appl. Phys. 90(12):6553-6554
Førland, K.S. and Førland, T., “An alternative approach to electrochemistry,” (1995)J. Stat. Phys. 78(1/2):513-529.
Godbey, W.T. et al.; “Poly(ethylenimine) and its role in gene delivery,” (1999)Journal of Controlled Release60:149-160.
Greenlee, R.D. and Ivory, C.F., “Protein focusing in a conductivity gradient,” (1998)Biotechnol. Prog. 14:300-309.
Guggenheim, E.A., “A study of cells with liquid—liquid junctions,” (1930)J. Am. Chem. Soc. 52:1315-1337.
Guggenheim, E.A., “The conceptions of electrical potential difference between two phases and the individual activities of ions,” (1929)J. Phys. Chem. 33:842-849.
Harned, H. S., “Individual thermodynamic behaviors of ions in concentrated solutions including a discussion of the thermodynamic method of computing liquid junction potentials,” (1926)J. Phys. Chem. 30:433-456.
Henderson, P., “Zur thermodynamik der flüssigkeitsketten,” (1908)Z. Phys. Chem. 63:325-345 (in German).
Henderson, P., “Zur thermodynamik der flüssigkeitsketten,” (1907)Z. Phys. Chem. 59:118-127 (in German).
Hennink, W.E. et al., “Pharmaceutical aspects of polymer-based non-viral gene delivery systems: experience with p(DMAEMA)-pCMV-lacZ polyplexes,” (Jan.-Feb. 2001)Stp. Pharma. Sciences11(1):11-19.
Henry, J. and Louro, B., “Asymptotic analysis of reaction-diffusion-electromigration systems,” (1995)Asymptotic Anal. 10:279-302.
Jahn, H., “Über den dissociationsgrad und das dissociationgleichgewicht stark dissociierter elektrolyte,” (1900)Z. Phys. Chem. 33:545-576 (in German).
Kamholz, A.E. et al., “Optical measurement of transverse molecular diffusion in a microchannel,” (Apr. 2001)Biophys. J. 80:1967-1972.
Kamholz, A.E. and Yager, P., “Theoretical analysis of molecular diffusion in pressure-driven laminar flow in microfluidic channels,” (Jan. 2001)Biophys. J. 80:155-160.
Kamholz, A.E. et al., “Quantitative analysis of molecular interactin in a microfluidic channel: the T-sensor,” (1999)Anal. Chem. 71:5340-5347.
Lamb, A.B. and Larson, A.T., “Reproducible liquid junction potentials: the flowing junction,” (1920)J. Am. Chem. Soc. 42:229-237.
Lewis, G.N., and Sargent, L.W., “Potentials between liquids,” (1909)J. Am. Chem. Soc. 31:363-367.
Lichtenberg, J. et al., “Sample pretreatment on microfabricated devices,” (Feb. 2002)Talanta, 56:233-266.
Lindgren, E.R. et al., “Numerical simulation of electrokinetic phenomena,” in: Tedder, et al., Eds, Emerging Technologies in Hazardous Waste Management V,American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1995, pp. 48-62.
Lvov, S.N. and Macdonald, D.D., “Estimation of the thermal liquid junction potential of an external pressure balanced reference electrode,” (1996)J. Electroanal. Chem. 403:25-30.
MacInnes, D.A. and Yeh, Y.L., “The potentials at the junctions of monovalent chloride solutions,” (1921)J. Am. Chem. Soc. 43:2563-2573.
MacInnes, D.A., “Liquid junction potentials,” (1915)J. Am. Chem. Soc. 37:2301-2307.
Mahato, R.I. “Non-viral peptide-based approaches to gene delivery,” (1999)Journal of Drug Targeting7(4):249-268.
McDonald, J.C. et al., “Fabrication of microfluidic systems in poly(dimethylsiloxane),” (Jan. 2000)Electrophoresis, 21:27-40.
Meyer, F. and M. Finer, “Gene therapy: progress and challenges,” (Dec. 2001)Cellular and Molecular Biology47(8):1277-1294.
Munson, M.S. et al., “Passive electrophoresis in microchannels using liquid junction potentials,” (Aug. 2002)Electrophoresis23:2642-2652.
Pichon, C. et al., “Histidine-rich peptides and polymers for nucleic acids delivery,” (Dec. 2001)Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews53:75-94.
Roberts, E.J. and Fenwick, F., “A simple type of flowing junction,” (1927)J. Am. Chem. Soc. 49:2787-2791.
Samson, E. and Marchand, J., “Numerical solution of the extended Nernst-Planck model,” (1999)J. Colloid Interface Sci. 215:
Cabrera Catherine R.
Hatch Anson
Kamholz Andrew
Munson Matthew S.
Yager Paul
Noguerola Alex
University of Washington
LandOfFree
Use of liquid junction potentials for electrophoresis... does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Use of liquid junction potentials for electrophoresis..., we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Use of liquid junction potentials for electrophoresis... will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-3639527