Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Radical -xh acid – or anhydride – acid halide or salt thereof...
Patent
1999-03-15
2000-10-24
Cook, Rebecca
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Radical -xh acid, or anhydride, acid halide or salt thereof...
514185, 514275, 514474, 514561, 514171, 424647, A61K 31195
Patent
active
061368601
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention provides a medicament for the prophylaxis and treatment of hair loss, particularly telogen effluvium, in humans. It further provides a kit useful in a combination therapy for the treatment of genetic hair loss.
Scalp hair loss can be divided into the following three main groups and any one group or combinations of said groups may be operating in an individual at any point in time: (cm.sup.2); (resting) phase, or an increase in the length of time (latency period) between the end of the telogen phase and the initiation of the next anagen (growing) phase.
It is normal to lose some scalp hair each day. There are natural fluctuations in the hair cycle which in turn influence the amount of hair shed from the scalp on a daily basis. It is therefore important to establish if a problem involving excessive hair shedding really exists and that the individual has not just become aware of their normal daily loss.
For most humans, scalp hair has a life cycle of between 1000 and 2000 days (23/4 and 51/2 years), following which there is a short period of rest (the telogen phase), which lasts approximately one hundred days. For the majority of its life cycle, scalp hair is in a growth phase known as the anagen phase. As the new hair grows up the follicle it loosens the old resting hair (telogen hair) which is usually dislodged with brushing, combing or shampooing. This cycle continues unless the hair metabolism is disturbed. Since shed hair is almost entirely telogen hair, the loss from the scalp is seen 10 to 12 weeks later.
For normal individuals having 100,000 hairs, the above process results in about 100 hairs per day being lost from the scalp, while for individuals with 150,000 hairs around 150 per day are lost. These figures are for a 1000 day cycle. For a 2000 day cycle, these values would be halved. Scalp hair grows around 0.33 mm per day and with a growth cycle of 1000 days the hair would grow to a length of 33 cm and for 2000 days 66 cm.
Most transient and temporary effects on the hair cycle, which also cause increased hair shedding, correct themselves and no further action is required. Sometimes it is difficult to determine if the natural rate of hair shedding has increased or excessive shedding has declined, since an individual may be unaware of their normal rate. However if a true problem exists, such as occurs in a nutritional imbalance, the consequences can be detected as a reduction in hair volume. This is because the prolonged effect upon the hair cycle causes significant change to the overall amount of hair present.
Many women are aware of an increase in the amount of hair shed daily which will be seen as more hair in the brush, comb, on the bathroom floor, or when they shampoo. When there is no obvious cause (e.g. an illness within the past three months, taking medication known to produce hair loss, or pregnancy), then it is important to consider suboptimal hair growth where increased hair shedding is the primary feature.
The problem of increased hair shedding (telogen effluvium) and suboptimal hair growth principally affects women in the menstrual years and may co-exist with other hair loss disturbances either of a hormonal or nutritional basis. The loss of hair in this condition is the result of an increase in the amount of telogen hair shed from the scalp. It may also involve a reduction in the length of hair grown.
Increased scalp hair shedding results from an excessive amount of telogen hair. Increased hair shedding of this type is usually identified by measuring the ratio of hair in the anagen and telogen phases. In the chronic state there may be no perceived increase in shedding because of a plateau effect in the anagen/telogen ratio, but its consequence is an increase in the number of hairs unable to grow to a given length. Frequently, female sufferers complain of a reduction in the amount of hair they can pin, clip or tie-up, compared to previously. The variable measured to identify this aspect is usually the amount of hair less than 30 mm in length.
Few successful treatmen
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Clinical Endocrinology (1994), "Androgens And Human Hair Growth", V. A. Randall, p. 439-457.
Clinical And Experimental Dermatology 1990, "Amino-Acid Composition In Trichorrhexis Nodosa", D. H. Rushton, M. J. Norris & K.C. James, Publication Jul. 24, 1989, p. 24-28.
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Chemical Abstracts, vol. 83, No. 7, Aug. 18, 1975, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract No. 57121h, U. Prusiewicz-Witaszek: "Changes in the synthesis of keratin in the hair after supplementing the basic feed of rabbits with methionine and lysine", p. 368.
Bio-Scientific Limited
Cook Rebecca
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