Use of growth hormone for increasement of concentration of GH, I

Details Use of growth hormone for increasement of concentration of GH, I Use of growth hormone for increasement of concentration of GH, I

1996-05-17

1998-04-07

Hill, Jr., Robert J.

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Designated organic active ingredient containing

Peptide containing doai

514 21, 424422, 424424, A61K 3800, A61K 3827

Patent

active

057365156

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to the use of growth hormone (GH) or analogues thereof for the production of a medicament giving an increased concentration of GH, Insuline-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGFBP-3 and .beta.-endorphin immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid.
Adult patients with unsubstituted growth hormone deficiency often complain of general fatigue, lack of concentration and memory disabilities. The fatigue reduces their overall working capacity with negative consequences for the patients' career and daily activities. During recent years methods to assess quality of life in a validated way have disclosed the quality and magnitude of psychosocial problem associated with growth hormone deficiency in adults (1).
Treatment of patients with growth hormone deficiency with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) has recently been shown to affect the patients psychological well-being (1,2) within only a few weeks. The physiological mechanisms behind this improvement are not known, but could be due to a direct effect of GH on cells in the brain or be secondary to the production of low molecular weight substances that pass the blood-brain-barrier. The effect could also be the result of an alteration in body composition that occurs as a result of GH treatment. Interestingly, GH receptors have been found on many locations in the brain, e.g. the choroid plexus, the hippocampus, the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland (3,4). The presence of GH receptors in the choroid plexus has been suggested to be involved in a mechanism for transport of the hormone over the blood-brain barrier (4). GH has been found in low concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in humans (5) but it is not known if rhGH crosses the blood-CSF barrier. Intraperitoneal injection of .sup.125 I-labeled rat GH results in an accumulation of radioactivity in several brain areas, suggesting that GH crosses the blood-brain barrier in the rat (6). Moreover, insuline-like growth factor I (IGF-I) has been isolated from the human brain (6a) and there is a wide distribution of IGF-I receptors throughout the brain (6b).
.beta.-endorphins, which mainly are produced in the pituitary and hypothalamus, have been associated with mood enhancement after exercise (7). It has also been suggested that depression is associated with hypoactivity of the endogenous opiodergic system, whereas mania reflects hyperactivity of the system (8). Also in affective disorders changes in the monoamine concentrations have been found (9), and GH treatment of normal and hypophysectomized rats influences the cerebral concentrations of monoamines (10).
To characterize the biochemical changes of patients with growth hormone deficiency in response to rhGH we have studied the effects of one month treatment with rhGH on the concentrations of GH. IGF-I, IGFBP-3, opioid peptides, neuropeptides and monoamine metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid.
The invention relates to the use of growth hormone or analogues thereof for the production of a medicament giving an increased concentration of growth hormone in cerebrospinal fluid.
It also relates to the use of growth hormone or analogues thereof for the production of a medicament giving an increased concentration of IGF-I, IGFBP- and .beta.-endorphin immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid.
The medicament can be used as an antidepressant.
It has been noticed that the growth hormone given passes the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and thus gives an increased concentration of growth hormone in cerebrospinal fluid.
The treatment preferably lasts at least one month and the amount of GH is preferably 0.1-3 U/kg/week.
The medicament can be for treatment of damages in the brain and for treatment of damages in the memory function of the brain and degenerative disorders of the brain.
Ischemic damages to the brain and dementia are examples of possible medical indications.
The medicament comprises preferably recombinant growth hormone, such as Genotropin.RTM.. By analogue is meant a peptide having essentially the same peptide chain as growth hormone a

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patent: 4977140 (1990-12-01), Ferguson et al.
McGauley, Quality of Life Assessment Before and After Growth Hormone Treatment in Adults with Growth Hormone Deficiency, Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl, 1989, 356, 70-72.
McGauley, Psychological Well-Being Before and After Growth Hormone Treatment in Adults with Growth Hormone Deficiency, Horm Res (Switzerland), 1990, 33 Suppl. 4, 52-54.
Cohick and Clemmons, Ann. Review Physiol (55): 131-53 (1993).
McGauley et al., Acta Paediatr. Scand. Suppl. 33 (4), 52-54 (1990).

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