Coating processes – With post-treatment of coating or coating material – Heating or drying
Patent
1994-03-03
1997-04-15
Reddick, Judy M.
Coating processes
With post-treatment of coating or coating material
Heating or drying
8 941R, 8 9414, 8 9421, 8 9422, 8 9423, 252 857, 428473, B05D 302
Patent
active
056207484
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
Fatliquoring is an operation in leathermaking which has a crucial bearing on the quality of the product and which is especially important for very soft kinds of leather. To control the mechanical properties of leather such as softness, flexibility and suppleness it is common to employ aqueous fat emulsions (fat liquors) which are in general based on petrochemically produced or natural oils and fats and are rendered water-emulsifiable by partial sulfonation or by means of emulsifiers.
Disadvantages of products of this kind include not only incomplete liquor exhaustion, ease of extraction by solvents or water, the occurrence of migration phenomena and unsatisfactory fastness profiles but also that they are not very suitable for fatliquoring hydrophobicized leathers; this is because the high proportion of polar groups or emulsifiers has the effect of destroying the water-repellent properties of a hydrophobicized leather, so that water can be carried into the leather by the polar groups.
For instance, Patent Application P 42 05 839.2 describes polymeric fatliquoring agents based on esterified or amidated homo- or copolymers of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides, which, depending on the degree of derivatization of the carboxyl groups and on the polarity of the monomers, can lead to a certain deterioration in the water-repellent properties of hydrophobicized leather. This reference also describes further background art.
It is an object of the present invention to provide improved agents for fatliquoring and filling leathers and fur skins which are free of the prior art disadvantages.
We have found that this object is achieved by using water-soluble or water-dispersible graft copolymers of vegetable and animal oils obtainable by radically initiated polymerization as claimed in claim 1.
Monomers (a) are for example monoethylenically unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids having preferably from 3 to 12 carbon atoms in the molecule, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, dimethylacrylic acid, ethylacrylic acid, allylacetic acid, vinylacetic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid or methylenemalonic acid and the corresponding anhydrides. Suitable sulfo-containing monomers are for example vinylsulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, methallylsulfonic acid, 3-sulfopropyl acrylate, 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate, styrenesulfonic acid and 2-acryl-amido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
Monomers with phosphonic acid groups are for example vinylphosphonic acid, allylphosphonic acid, phosphonomethylated allylamine and acrylamido-2-methylpropanephosphonic acid. Preferred monomers of group (a) are acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and maleic acid. It can also be advantageous to use mixtures of monomers (a).
The acids are preferably used as such or as anhydrides, but can of course also be used as alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts, such as the sodium, potassium, calcium, ammonium or substituted ammonium salts, in which case the acids can be wholly or partly in salt form.
Suitable monomers (b) which are copolymerizable with the monomers (a) are in particular N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcaprolactam, N-vinylimidazole, 1-vinyl-2methylimidazole, N-vinylformamide, N-vinyl-N-methylformamide, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, styrene, acrylic and methacrylic esters with C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 -alcohols, hydroxy-C.sub.2 - to C.sub.6 -alkyl esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide or mono- or dialkylamides of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl radicals. If monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides are used as monomers (a), further particularly suitable monomers (b) include olefins having from 2 to 30 carbon atoms and vinyl alkyl ethers having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety. Here, too, it can be advantageous to use mixtures of components (b).
A further modification of the graft copolymers can be achieved by carrying out the graft polymerization in the presence of monomers of group (
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Birkhofer Hermann
Danisch Peter
Denzinger Walter
Hartmann Heinrich
Kneip Michael
BASF - Aktiengesellschaft
Reddick Judy M.
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