Use of dimerdiol in polyurethane moldings

Details Use of dimerdiol in polyurethane moldings Use of dimerdiol in polyurethane moldings

1996-12-10

1998-08-18

Cooney, Jr., John M.

Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 ser

Synthetic resins

From reactant having at least one -n=c=x group as well as...

528 66, 528 745, 528 75, 528 76, 528 77, 528 80, 528 81, 528 83, 528 84, 528 85, C08G 1832

Patent

active

057959498

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to the use of dimerdiol as polyol component in polyurethane moldings.


DISCUSSION OF RELATED ART

Dimeric fatty alcohols (dimerdiols) have been known for some time.
Thus, their production by dimerization of unsaturated fatty alcohols with basic alkaline earth metal compounds at more than 280.degree. C. is described, for example, in DE 11 98 348.
They may also be produced by hydrogenation of dimeric fatty acids and/or esters thereof in accordance with DE-B-17 68 313. Under the conditions described in that document, not only are the carboxyl groups of the fatty acids hydrogenated to hydroxyl groups, any double bonds still present in the dimerized fatty acids or their esters are also completely or partly hydrogenated. However, the hydrogenation may also be carried out in such a way that the double bonds remain completely intact during the hydrogenation reaction. In this case, unsaturated dimerdiols are obtained. The hydrogenation is preferably carried out in such a way that the double bonds are completely hydrogenated.
Another method of producing dimerdiols comprises dimerizing unsaturated alcohols in the presence of silica/alumina catalysts and basic alkali metal compounds (cf. International patent application WO 91/13918).
Irrespective of the described processes for producing the dimerdiols, dimerdiols which have been produced from fatty acids or their esters or fatty alcohols containing 18 carbon atoms are preferred. Dimerdiols containing 36 carbon atoms are obtained in this way. Dimerdiols which have been produced by the industrial processes mentioned above always contain varying amounts of trimertriols and monohydric alcohols. In general, the percentage content of dimerdiols is in excess of 70% by weight, the rest being trimertriols and monomer alcohols. These dimerdiols and also purer dimerdiols containing more than 90% by weight of dimerdiol may be used for the purposes of the present invention. Particular preference is attributed to dimerdiols containing more than 90 to 99% by weight of dimerdiol, of which those dimerdiols where the double bonds are at least partly or completely hydrogenated are preferred.
Trimerized fatty acid is always formed in the production of dimer fatty acid. This trimer fatty acid may be concentrated by distilling off the dimer fatty acid. After esterification with methanol for example, the esters of the trimer fatty acid can be hydrogenated to trimertriol similarly to the esters of dimer fatty acid. This trimertriol, a trihydric alcohol containing 54 carbon atoms, may also be used for the purposes of the invention.
It is also known that dimerdiol can be used as polyol for the production of polyurethane coatings by reaction with diisocyanates. Thus, polyurethane lacquers of dimeric and/or trimeric fatty alcohols containing on average 36 or 54 carbon atoms are described in DE 12 25 795.
It is known that "casting resins" are liquid synthetic resins or synthetic resins which can be liquefied by moderate heating and which are cast into open molds and cure therein. Casting resins also include isocyanate casting resins which, according to DIN 55958, are understood to be synthetic resins which are based on aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic isocyanates and which still contain free terminal isocyanate groups. They may be cured under various conditions. Thus, a one-component casting resin, for example, consists of a polyurethane prepolymer containing free or blocked terminal isocyanate groups which cure on exposure to moisture, optionally accompanied by heating in order, for example, to accelerate the reaction or to increase strength. A two-component casting resin is based, for example, on polyhydroxy compounds based on branched polyesters as the first component and on polyisocyanate as the second component. After the two components have been mixed, they cure at room temperature or at slightly elevated temperature. Two-component casting resins of the type in question are used, for example, for the encapsulation of cable fittings.
Casti

REFERENCES:
patent: 4705721 (1987-11-01), Frisch et al.
DIN 55958: "Harze: Begriffe" (Resins: terms and definitions), Dec. 1988.
DIN 53240: "Bestimmung der Hydroxylzahl" (Determination of hydroxyl value), Dec. 1971.
Saunders & Frisch, Polyurethanes: Chemistry and Technology, vol. XVI of the "High Polymers" Series, Interscience Publishers, New York/London, Part II 1964, pp. 490-524.

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