Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; pro – Continuous liquid or supercritical phase: colloid systems;... – Aqueous continuous liquid phase and discontinuous phase...
Reexamination Certificate
2001-04-23
2003-05-13
Lovering, Richard D. (Department: 1712)
Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; pro
Continuous liquid or supercritical phase: colloid systems;...
Aqueous continuous liquid phase and discontinuous phase...
C106S271000, C514S943000, C516S925000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06562876
ABSTRACT:
This application is a 371 of PCT/EP99/05906 filed Aug. 11, 1999.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to cosmetic emulsions and more particularly to the use of special wax dispersions as consistency providers.
Today, fine-droplet cosmetically elegant emulsions are often produced by the PIT process. In this process, the constituents of the emulsion are first heated beyond the phase inversion temperature and then slowly cooled. It is obvious that this process is time- and energy-consuming and that it would be desirable to produce comparable emulsions by so-called cold techniques. Although it is of course possible in principle to stir the liquid constituents of an emulsion in the cold state, this has a number of disadvantages in relation to the PIT method. Thus, the emulsions are generally coarser and separate quickly, especially at elevated temperatures, and in particular have unattractive sensorial properties, i.e. feel insubstantial. If known consistency providers, for example fatty alcohols or partial glycerides, are added to the “cold-produced” emulsions, they are unable to develop viscosities as high as those obtained, for example, by the PIT method and, in addition, destabilize the emulsions.
Accordingly, the problem addressed by the present invention was to find a way of obtaining o/w emulsions that would be distinguished by fine droplets, storage stability, heat resistance, sufficiently high viscosity and pleasant sensorial properties by the cold route.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the use of aqueous dispersions containing
(a) waxes and
(b) emulsifiers
as consistency providers for the cold production of o/w emulsions.
Waxes
Suitable waxes are, for example, alkylene glycol esters; fatty acid alkanolamides; partial glycerides; esters of polybasic, optionally hydroxysubstituted carboxylic acids with fatty alcohols containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms; fatty compounds such as, for example, fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, fatty aldehydes, fatty ethers and fatty carbonates; ring-opening products of olefin epoxides containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms with fatty alcohols containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms and/or polyols containing 2 to 15 carbon atoms and 2 to 10 hydroxyl groups; and mixtures thereof.
Alkylene glycol esters. The alkylene glycol esters are normally monoesters and/or diesters of alkylene glycols corresponding to formula (I):
R
1
CO(OA)
n
OR
2
(I)
in which R
1
CO is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated acyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R
2
is hydrogen or has the same meaning as R
1
CO and A is a linear or branched alkylene group containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms and n is a number of 1 to 5. Typical examples are monoesters and/or diesters of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol or tetraethylene glycol with fatty acids containing 6 to 22 and preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as caproic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaeostearic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid and erucic acid and technical mixtures thereof. Ethylene glycol monostearate and/or distearate is/are particularly preferred.
Fatty acid alkanolamides. Fatty acid alkanolamides which are suitable as waxes correspond to formula (II)
R
3
CO—NR
4
—B—OH (I)
in which R
3
CO is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated acyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R
4
is hydrogen or an optionally hydroxysubstituted alkyl group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms and B is a linear or branched alkylene group containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Typical examples are condensation products of ethanolamine, methyl ethanolamine, diethanolamine, propanolamine, methyl propanolamine and dipropanolamine and mixtures thereof with caproic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaeostearic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid and erucic acid and technical mixtures thereof. Stearic acid ethanolamide is particularly preferred.
Partial glycerides. Partial glycerides which have wax properties are monoesters and/or diesters of glycerol with fatty acids, i.e. for example caproic acid, caprylic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, isotridecanoic acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaeostearic acid, arachic acid, gadoleic acid, behenic acid and erucic acid and technical mixtures thereof. They correspond to formula (III):
in which R
5
CO is a linear or branched acyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R
6
and R
7
independently of one another represent hydrogen or have the same meaning as R
5
CO, x, y and z together stand for 0 or for a number of 1 to 30 and X is an alkali or alkaline earth metal, with the proviso that at least one of the two substituents R
6
and R
7
is hydrogen. Typical examples are lauric acid monoglyceride, lauric acid diglyceride, coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride, coconut fatty acid triglyceride, palmitic acid monoglyceride, palmitic acid triglyceride, stearic acid monoglyceride, stearic acid diglyceride, isostearic acid monoglyceride, isostearic acid diglyceride, oleic acid monoglyceride, oleic acid diglyceride, tallow fatty acid monoglyceride, tallow fatty acid diglyceride, behenic acid monoglyceride, behenic acid diglyceride, erucic acid monoglyceride, erucic acid diglyceride and technical mixtures thereof which may still contain small quantities of triglyceride from the production process.
Polybasic carboxylic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid esters. Other suitable waxes are esters of polybasic, optionally hydroxysubstituted carboxylic acids with fatty alcohols containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms. The acid component of these esters may be selected, for example, from malonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid, dodecanedioic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and, more particularly, succinic acid and also malic acid, citric acid and, more particularly, tartaric acid and mixtures thereof. The fatty alcohols contain 6 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 and more preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain. Typical examples are caproic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmitoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, linolyl alcohol, linolenyl alcohol, elaeostearyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol and brassidyl alcohol and technical mixtures thereof. The esters may be present as full or partial esters; monoesters and, above all, diesters of carboxylic or hydroxycarboxylic acids preferably being used. Typical examples are succinic acid mono- and dilauryl ester, succinic acid mono- and dicetearyl ester, succinic acid mono- and distearyl ester, tartaric acid mono- and dilauryl ester, tartaric acid mono- and dicocoalkyl ester, tartaric acid mono- and dicetearyl ester, citric acid mono-, di- and trilauryl ester, citric acid mono-, di- and tricocoalkyl ester and citric acid mono-, di- and tricetearyl ester.
Fatty alcohols. Another group of waxes are long-chain fatty alcohols corresponding to formula (IV):
R
8
OH (IV)
in which R
8
is a linear alkyl group containing 16 to 48 and preferably 18 to 22 carbon atoms. The substances mentioned are generally based on vegetable or animal fatty acids or are oxidation products of long-chain paraffins.
Fatty ketones. Fatty ketones suitable as component (a) preferably correspond to formula (V):
R
9
—CO—R
10
&em
Ansmann Achim
Kawa Rolf
Mertscheit Nicole
Cognis Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG
Drach John E.
Lovering Richard D.
Trzaska Steven J.
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