Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Topical sun or radiation screening – or tanning preparations
Reexamination Certificate
1999-07-20
2001-08-14
Lilling, Herbert J. (Department: 1651)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Topical sun or radiation screening, or tanning preparations
C424S061000, C424S070100, C424S070900, C424S074000, C424S725000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06274123
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the field of cosmetology and dermatology, and has for its object the use for cosmetic, dermatologic or pharmaceutical applications, of a plant extract of the genus Adansonia, more particularly of the species
Adansonia digitata
(
baobab
), as well as a cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical product or composition for the skin and/or the hair, eyelashes or nails, comprising such an extract.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Baobab
(
Adansonia digitata
) is a deciduous tree, coming from the dry parts of central Africa and appears mostly in tropical countries, principally as a component of secondary forests.
The origin of plants of the genus Adansonia is probably located in Madagascar where several endemic species have been described and where
Adansonia digitata
also exists. Other species of the mentioned genus have been found in east Africa and in Australia.
The different constituent parts of baobab were and still are used and exploited in Africa, either from an economic standpoint (the bark for the production of fibers and paper, the wood has a rubber coagulant and the roots as a red coloring material), or as food (more particularly seeds and young leaves) or again as medicine (the bark has astringent diaphoretic and even febrifugic properties; the wood and the seeks have antidysenteric and anti-inflammatory properties; the leaves are used as an antiperspirant, against kidney and bladder troubles and as an anti-asthmatic and emollient).
It is known that the leaves contain particularly mucilages which swell in the presence of water.
Baobab
leaves (D. YAZZIE et al., Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 1994, 7; 3, 198-193
13
R. GAIWE et al., International Journal of Crude Drug Research, 1989, 27, 2, 101-104) contain, in addition to mucilages, mineral salts, proteins, catechic tannins and vitamin compounds (riboflavin, thiamine, vitamin C, niacin); a flavonoid-type compound has also been discovered.
Analysis of the amino acid composition indicates that the proteins of the leaves of
baobab
, which represent about 10.6% of the dry weight of the leaves, contain interesting quantities of the following essential amino acids: lysine, arginine, threonine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophane, methionine and cysteine.
These leaves constitute quantitatively and qualitatively a good source of food proteins.
Moreover,
baobab
leaves contain high quantities of calcium (3.07 to 30 mg/g of dry leaves) and substantial quantities of iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, phosphorus and zinc.
The dry extractable mucilage content of the leaves varies and is of the order of 9 to 12% relative to the dry leaves, the principal constituents of these mucilages having molecular weights higher than 100,000.
A high interaction between the proteins and the polysaccharides is supposed.
According to the literature (M. L. WOOLFE et al., J. Sci. Fd. Agric., 1977, 28, 519-529), the chemical composition of the mucilages of baobab leaves has been established as follows:
40.2 g galacturonic acid/100 g of mucilages
39.1 g glucuronic acid/100 g of mucilages
9.3 g of neutral sugars/100 g of mucilages.
These neutral sugars, which are rhamnose, galactose, glucose and arabinose, are present in a mole ratio of 0.6-1-0.44-0.15.
The above data indicate a very high portion of uronic acids and few neutral sugars: these mucilages do not have pectic compounds or pectic type units.
Moreover, these mucilages have interesting rheologic properties, their viscosity decreasing with an increase in the temperature of extraction.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
However, the inventor of the present invention has determined, in an unexpected and surprising manner, that the extracts of plants of the Adansonia type, and more particularly extracts enriched in mucilages, have immediate properties more varied and quantitatively substantially greater than those of the polysaccharides already used in cosmetology or pharmacology, as well as long term effects and finally a very high tolerance.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
Thus, the principal object of the present invention consists in the use or application of at least one extract of a plant of the genus Adansonia belonging to the family of Bombacaceaes for the preparation of a cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical product for topical use for the skin and/or the hair, eyelashes and nails.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Preferably, the extract used is an extract of a plant belonging to the species selected from the group comprised by
Adansonia digitata, Adansonia fony, Adansonia gregorii, Adansonia madagascariensis, Adansonia grandidieri, Adansonia suarezensis
and
Adansonia za.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mentioned extract is obtained from fresh or dried leaves (for example reduced to powder), preferably of
Adansonia digitata
or
baobab
, the extraction being carried out according to conventional extraction techniques, such as hot or cold extraction, with a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, aqueous solutions (neutral, acidified or alkaline), alcohols and mixtures of two or several of the mentioned solvents.
According to a first modification of embodiment of the invention, the extract used is a total extract of leaves, particularly of baobab, containing all the active ingredients contained in said leaf.
This total extract can be dried by techniques known to those skilled in the art such as lyophilization or atomization.
According to a second modified embodiment of the invention, it is possible to proceed with supplemental operations of purification (for example by precipitation in organic solvents) permitting to obtain on the one hand an extract consisting of one or more purified mucilages or an extract enriched in mucilages obtained from leaves, particularly of
baobab
, and/or, on the other hand, an extract consisting of a co-product of the extraction and/or purification of mucilages from leaves, particularly
baobab
, said co-product constituting a directly usable fraction rich in flavonoids, mineral salts, proteins, vitamins and/or other like compounds, such as particularly tannins.
It has also been discovered, in an unexpected and surprising manner, that when the process of extraction or purification comprises a step of treatment with a glycolytic enzyme of the &bgr;-glycosidase type, the mucilage or mucilages or extract rich in mucilage or mucilages that results has increased stability in solution.
By way of non-limiting example, there will hereafter be described different possible processes for obtaining an extract of
baobab
, particularly mucilages, which can be used within the scope of the present invention.
REFERENCES:
patent: 0 781 545 (1997-07-01), None
Computer Biosis Abstract 1977:239970 Woolfe et al. “J.Sci.Food Agric.” (1977) 28, (6) PP. 519-529.*
Computer CABA Abstract 89:112395 Gaiwe Et Al “Intern. Jour. Crude Drug Research” (1989) vol. 27, No. (2) PP. 101-104, 1977.*
J. Woodruff, “Through The Natural Ingredients Maze”,Manufacturing Chemist,vol. 65, No. 10, Oct., 1994, pp. 23-25.
J. Fabiyi et al., “Traditional Therapy of Dracunculiasis In the State of Bauchi-Nigeria”,Dakar Medical,vol. 38, No. 2, 1993, pp. 193-195, AN 95278136.
A. Ramadan et al., “Anti-Inflammatory, Analgesic and Anti-pyretic Effects of the Fruit Pulp of Adansonia Digitata”,Fitoterapia,vol. 65, No. 5, 1994, pp. 418-422, AN 94343891.
C.P. Locher et al., “Anti-Microbial Activity and Anti-Complement Activity of Extracts Obtained From Selected Hawaiian Medicinal Plants”,Journal of Ethnopharmacology,vol. 49, No. 1, 1995, pp. 23-32, AN 9601644.
Laboratories Serobiologiques
Lilling Herbert J.
Young & Thompson
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