Compositions – Electrolytes for electrical devices
Patent
1994-12-22
1996-06-04
McAvoy, Ellen M.
Compositions
Electrolytes for electrical devices
252 515A, 252 56R, 549369, 549372, 549374, C10M12920
Patent
active
055230105
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to the use of a component based on 1,3-dioxane compounds, especially 1,3-dioxane alcohols, and derivatives thereof in lubricant and release agents. This invention also relates to a lubricant and release agent based on or containing 1,3-dioxane compounds as above.
Lubricant and release agents are normally used in connection with metal cutting, tapping, threading, reaming etc. as well as for concrete casting. Further and frequent application areas include utensils and plants for refrigeration, air conditioners, jet and conventional combustion engines, hydraulic fluids and the like.
Above exemplified application areas most often involve lubricant and release agents based on or containing mineral oils and one or more property adjusting additives such as EP-additives (EP=Extreme Pressure). EP-additives are mostly based on chloric, sulphuric and/or phosphatic compounds of the paraffin type.
Products containing mineral oils give rise to oil mist with pendant oil-polluted air and oil coated equipments in and around a working area. Mineral oils and for instance EP-additives are furthermore known to cause skin irritation, eczema and/or allergic reactions. Carcinogenic effects can not be excluded, as most mineral oils contain for example aromatic hydrocarbons of the benzopyrene type, which compounds at high working temperatures most probably form carcinogenic polyaromatics.
Mineral oils as well as chloric, sulphuric and/or phosphatic compounds give also rise to undesirable ecological effects, such as gradual concentration of undesired compounds like chlorine, sulphur and/or phosphorous in soil and water. Furthermore, mineral oils are not or only to a very low extent biodegradable, while the component according to the invention per se is biodegradable and based on biodegradable substances.
Mineral oils have per sea limited lubricating and releasing power, why a number of additives must be admixed. Besides property adjusting additives must for instance waterborne emulsions of mineral oils and synthetic lubricants comprise compounds such as emulsifiers and biocides, which compounds may irritate the skin and/or the respiratory passage.
According to the present invention, it has surprisingly been possible to solve above discussed problems by a replacement of mineral oils and/or property adjusting additives with a component based on 1,3-dioxane compounds and/or derivatives thereof.
The lubricating properties have furthermore been improved by utilisation of the component as additive in lubricant and release agents. An addition is performed without any further alteration of the original composition. A suitable addition level is 0.1-20% by weight, preferably 0.5-10% by weight, calculated on included active substances.
The component is of the general formula ##STR1## in which formula R.sub.1 is --H, --OH, --CH.sub.3, --C.sub.2 H.sub.5, --CH.sub.2 OR.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.n R.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 O(C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.n R.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 (C.sub.4 H.sub.8 O).sub.n R.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 O(C.sub.8 H.sub.8 O).sub.n R.sub.3, --CH.sub.2 O(R.sub.5).sub.m (R.sub.6).sub.p R.sub.3 or --CH.sub.2 OR.sub.7 and R.sub.2 is --H, --OH, --OR.sub.4, --O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.n R.sub.4, --O(C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.n R.sub.4, --O(C.sub.4 H.sub.8 O).sub.n R.sub.4, --O(C.sub.8 H.sub.8 O).sub.n R.sub.4, --CH.sub.2 OR.sub.4, --CH.sub.2 O(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.n R.sub.4, --CH.sub.2 O(C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.n R.sub.4, --CH.sub.2 O(C.sub.4 H.sub.8 O).sub.n R.sub.4, --CH.sub.2 O(C.sub.8 H.sub.8 O) .sub.n R.sub.4, --O(R.sub.5).sub.m (R.sub.6).sub.p R.sub.4, --CH.sub.2 O(R.sub.5).sub.m (R.sub.6).sub.p R.sub.4, --OR.sub.7 or --CH.sub.2 OR.sub.7.
R.sub.3 and/or R.sub.4 is each independently selected from any of the below groups: alkenaryl moiety.
R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are two different substituents of the formula C.sub.x H.sub.y O wherein x is 2, 3, 4 or 8 and y is 4, 6 or 8. R.sub.7 is defined by the general formula ##STR2## in which the substituent R.sub.8 is selected from any of the groups (ii) through (xii)
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Garpvall Lars-Olof
Johansson Mats
Sorensen Kent
McAvoy Ellen M.
Perstorp AB
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