Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing – Peptide – protein or amino acid
Patent
1995-01-05
1996-11-19
Soderquist, Arlen
Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
Peptide, protein or amino acid
436 8, 436 34, 436 79, 436 89, 436 94, 436111, 436126, 436129, 436161, 436164, 436166, 436172, G01N 3300
Patent
active
055762166
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a new class of chemical reagents for quantitatively measuring compounds containing reactive functional groups. The invention further relates to methods of preparing such reagents and using them. Specifically, the invention relates to a new class of chemical reagents which can be used as universal standards for quantitatively measuring any compound which can form a derivative with the reagents when the compound is present in mixtures and together with homologs. More specifically, the reagents of this invention are organic chemicals which have specific moieties that can be measured quantitatively, colorometrically, fluoroscopically, or by other spectral means such as UV, IR, NMR and ESR. Some of these reagents are new chemical compounds.
It is thus an object of this invention to provide a new class of analytical reagents which can serve as universal standards for visual spectroscopic analysis of different compounds, without requiring comparison with a standard for each compound measured.
Another object of the present invention is to provide analytical methods for measuring compounds quantitatively, with reagents whose molar .epsilon. and that of their derivatives is substantially constant.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a method of quantitatively measuring homologous compounds with a single standard reagent without requiring external standards.
A further object of the invention is to provide some new chemical compounds suitable for use as universal standard colorimetric or spectrometric analytical reagents.
Until now, the common methods for quantitatively measuring chemical compounds having functional groups were based on the reaction of these compounds via their functional groups with a reagent, usually a chromophoric or fluorescent reagent, and measuring the derivative spectrometrically by comparing the absorption of this derivative with that of a known external standard of such a derivative compound. For example, the determination of amino acids with fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (FDNB) as described by Sanger, Biochem. J., Vol. 45, p. 563 (1984), is carried out by converting the amino acids into their dinitrophenyl derivatives. The actual quantification of each amino acid is arrived at by comparing the UV absorption of the corresponding dinitrophenyl derivative with that of standard amino acid dinitrophenyl products, e.g., DNP-Gly, DNP-Ala, etc. The external standard, however, is different for each amino acid measured. Similarly, amino acids can be analysed quantitatively fluorometrically by reacting them with a fluorescent reagent such as Dansyl chloride, Dabsyl chloride or O-pthalaldehyde to form the fluorescent derivative. The actual quantification again requires a specific external standard for each amino acid.
The present invention provides a new universal standard chemical reagent for quantitative visual and spectrometric analysis of compounds having reactive functional groups, including mixtures and homologs of said compounds, said reagent comprising a compound of the general formula I: quantitatively, visually by color, spectroscopically or fluorometrically; B represents a non-reactive organic bridging unit linking the moiety Q to a reactive functional group f, said bridging unit being of sufficient length or size to prevent any possible interaction of Q that might alter its spectroscopic properties even upon derivatization; and f is a reactive group which can react with a compound to form covalently bonded derivatives.
As stated, said bridging unit B is of sufficient length and/or size to prevent any possible special interaction of Q that might alter its spectroscopic properties even upon derivatization. This is particularly relevant for fluoroscopic analysis where interference is possible even from a distance.
Furthermore, as indicated, f is any reactive group which can react with a compound to form covalently bonded derivatives having the formula Q-B-f-A. Such a reaction can be represented as follows: functional group that will form a covalent bon
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Patchornik Zipora
Soderquist Arlen
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